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<div class="document" id="libtorrent-api-documentation">
<h1 class="title">libtorrent API Documentation</h1>
<table class="docinfo" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="docinfo-name" />
<col class="docinfo-content" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><th class="docinfo-name">Author:</th>
<td>Arvid Norberg, <a class="last reference" href="mailto:arvid&#64;rasterbar.com">arvid&#64;rasterbar.com</a></td></tr>
<tr><th class="docinfo-name">Version:</th>
<td>0.13</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="contents topic" id="table-of-contents">
<p class="topic-title first"><a name="table-of-contents">Table of contents</a></p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><a class="reference" href="#overview" id="id18" name="id18">overview</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#network-primitives" id="id19" name="id19">network primitives</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#session" id="id20" name="id20">session</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference" href="#id1" id="id21" name="id21">session()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#id2" id="id22" name="id22">~session()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#abort" id="id23" name="id23">abort()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#add-torrent" id="id24" name="id24">add_torrent()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#remove-torrent" id="id25" name="id25">remove_torrent()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#find-torrent-get-torrents" id="id26" name="id26">find_torrent() get_torrents()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#set-upload-rate-limit-set-download-rate-limit-upload-rate-limit-download-rate-limit" id="id27" name="id27">set_upload_rate_limit() set_download_rate_limit() upload_rate_limit() download_rate_limit()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#set-max-uploads-set-max-connections" id="id28" name="id28">set_max_uploads() set_max_connections()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#num-uploads-num-connections" id="id29" name="id29">num_uploads() num_connections()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#set-max-half-open-connections-max-half-open-connections" id="id30" name="id30">set_max_half_open_connections() max_half_open_connections()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#set-ip-filter" id="id31" name="id31">set_ip_filter()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#status" id="id32" name="id32">status()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#is-listening-listen-port-listen-on" id="id33" name="id33">is_listening() listen_port() listen_on()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#pop-alert-set-severity-level" id="id34" name="id34">pop_alert() set_severity_level()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#add-extension" id="id35" name="id35">add_extension()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#set-settings-set-pe-settings" id="id36" name="id36">set_settings() set_pe_settings()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#set-peer-proxy-set-web-seed-proxy-set-tracker-proxy-set-dht-proxy" id="id37" name="id37">set_peer_proxy() set_web_seed_proxy() set_tracker_proxy() set_dht_proxy()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#peer-proxy-web-seed-proxy-tracker-proxy-dht-proxy" id="id38" name="id38">peer_proxy() web_seed_proxy() tracker_proxy() dht_proxy()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#start-dht-stop-dht-set-dht-settings-dht-state" id="id39" name="id39">start_dht() stop_dht() set_dht_settings() dht_state()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#add-dht-node-add-dht-router" id="id40" name="id40">add_dht_node() add_dht_router()</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#entry" id="id41" name="id41">entry</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference" href="#integer-string-list-dict-type" id="id42" name="id42">integer() string() list() dict() type()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#operator" id="id43" name="id43">operator[]</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#find-key" id="id44" name="id44">find_key()</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#torrent-info" id="id45" name="id45">torrent_info</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference" href="#id3" id="id46" name="id46">torrent_info()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#set-comment-set-piece-size-set-creator-set-hash-add-tracker-add-file" id="id47" name="id47">set_comment() set_piece_size() set_creator() set_hash() add_tracker() add_file()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#create-torrent" id="id48" name="id48">create_torrent()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#remap-files" id="id49" name="id49">remap_files()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#begin-files-end-files-rbegin-files-rend-files" id="id50" name="id50">begin_files() end_files() rbegin_files() rend_files()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#num-files-file-at" id="id51" name="id51">num_files() file_at()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#map-block" id="id52" name="id52">map_block()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#map-file" id="id53" name="id53">map_file()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#url-seeds-add-url-seed" id="id54" name="id54">url_seeds() add_url_seed()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#print" id="id55" name="id55">print()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#trackers" id="id56" name="id56">trackers()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#total-size-piece-length-piece-size-num-pieces" id="id57" name="id57">total_size() piece_length() piece_size() num_pieces()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#hash-for-piece-info-hash" id="id58" name="id58">hash_for_piece() info_hash()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#name-comment-creation-date-creator" id="id59" name="id59">name() comment() creation_date() creator()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#priv-set-priv" id="id60" name="id60">priv() set_priv()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#nodes" id="id61" name="id61">nodes()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#add-node" id="id62" name="id62">add_node()</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#torrent-handle" id="id63" name="id63">torrent_handle</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference" href="#piece-priority-prioritize-pieces-piece-priorities-prioritize-files" id="id64" name="id64">piece_priority() prioritize_pieces() piece_priorities() prioritize_files()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#file-progress" id="id65" name="id65">file_progress()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#save-path" id="id66" name="id66">save_path()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#move-storage" id="id67" name="id67">move_storage()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#force-reannounce" id="id68" name="id68">force_reannounce()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#scrape-tracker" id="id69" name="id69">scrape_tracker()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#connect-peer" id="id70" name="id70">connect_peer()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#name" id="id71" name="id71">name()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#set-ratio" id="id72" name="id72">set_ratio()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#set-upload-limit-set-download-limit-upload-limit-download-limit" id="id73" name="id73">set_upload_limit() set_download_limit() upload_limit() download_limit()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#set-sequenced-download-threshold" id="id74" name="id74">set_sequenced_download_threshold()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#set-peer-upload-limit-set-peer-download-limit" id="id75" name="id75">set_peer_upload_limit() set_peer_download_limit()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#pause-resume-is-paused" id="id76" name="id76">pause() resume() is_paused()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#resolve-countries" id="id77" name="id77">resolve_countries()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#is-seed" id="id78" name="id78">is_seed()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#has-metadata" id="id79" name="id79">has_metadata()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#set-tracker-login" id="id80" name="id80">set_tracker_login()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#trackers-replace-trackers" id="id81" name="id81">trackers() replace_trackers()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#add-url-seed-remove-url-seed-url-seeds" id="id82" name="id82">add_url_seed() remove_url_seed() url_seeds()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#use-interface" id="id83" name="id83">use_interface()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#info-hash" id="id84" name="id84">info_hash()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#id5" id="id85" name="id85">set_max_uploads() set_max_connections()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#write-resume-data" id="id86" name="id86">write_resume_data()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#id6" id="id87" name="id87">status()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#get-download-queue" id="id88" name="id88">get_download_queue()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#get-peer-info" id="id89" name="id89">get_peer_info()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#get-torrent-info" id="id90" name="id90">get_torrent_info()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#is-valid" id="id91" name="id91">is_valid()</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#torrent-status" id="id92" name="id92">torrent_status</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#peer-info" id="id93" name="id93">peer_info</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#session-settings" id="id94" name="id94">session_settings</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#pe-settings" id="id95" name="id95">pe_settings</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#proxy-settings" id="id96" name="id96">proxy_settings</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#ip-filter" id="id97" name="id97">ip_filter</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference" href="#id9" id="id98" name="id98">ip_filter()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#add-rule" id="id99" name="id99">add_rule()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#access" id="id100" name="id100">access()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#export-filter" id="id101" name="id101">export_filter()</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#big-number" id="id102" name="id102">big_number</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#hasher" id="id103" name="id103">hasher</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#fingerprint" id="id104" name="id104">fingerprint</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#free-functions" id="id105" name="id105">free functions</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference" href="#identify-client" id="id106" name="id106">identify_client()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#client-fingerprint" id="id107" name="id107">client_fingerprint()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#bdecode-bencode" id="id108" name="id108">bdecode() bencode()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#supports-sparse-files" id="id109" name="id109">supports_sparse_files()</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#alerts" id="id110" name="id110">alerts</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference" href="#listen-failed-alert" id="id111" name="id111">listen_failed_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#portmap-error-alert" id="id112" name="id112">portmap_error_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#portmap-alert" id="id113" name="id113">portmap_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#file-error-alert" id="id114" name="id114">file_error_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#tracker-announce-alert" id="id115" name="id115">tracker_announce_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#tracker-alert" id="id116" name="id116">tracker_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#tracker-reply-alert" id="id117" name="id117">tracker_reply_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#tracker-warning-alert" id="id118" name="id118">tracker_warning_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#scrape-reply-alert" id="id119" name="id119">scrape_reply_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#scrape-failed-alert" id="id120" name="id120">scrape_failed_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#url-seed-alert" id="id121" name="id121">url_seed_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#hash-failed-alert" id="id122" name="id122">hash_failed_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#peer-ban-alert" id="id123" name="id123">peer_ban_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#peer-error-alert" id="id124" name="id124">peer_error_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#invalid-request-alert" id="id125" name="id125">invalid_request_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#torrent-finished-alert" id="id126" name="id126">torrent_finished_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#metadata-failed-alert" id="id127" name="id127">metadata_failed_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#metadata-received-alert" id="id128" name="id128">metadata_received_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#fastresume-rejected-alert" id="id129" name="id129">fastresume_rejected_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#peer-blocked-alert" id="id130" name="id130">peer_blocked_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#storage-moved-alert" id="id131" name="id131">storage_moved_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#torrent-paused-alert" id="id132" name="id132">torrent_paused_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#dispatcher" id="id133" name="id133">dispatcher</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#exceptions" id="id134" name="id134">exceptions</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference" href="#invalid-handle" id="id135" name="id135">invalid_handle</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#duplicate-torrent" id="id136" name="id136">duplicate_torrent</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#invalid-encoding" id="id137" name="id137">invalid_encoding</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#type-error" id="id138" name="id138">type_error</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#invalid-torrent-file" id="id139" name="id139">invalid_torrent_file</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#storage-interface" id="id140" name="id140">storage_interface</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference" href="#initialize" id="id141" name="id141">initialize()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#read" id="id142" name="id142">read()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#write" id="id143" name="id143">write()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#id11" id="id144" name="id144">move_storage()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#verify-resume-data" id="id145" name="id145">verify_resume_data()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#id12" id="id146" name="id146">write_resume_data( )</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#move-slot" id="id147" name="id147">move_slot()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#swap-slots" id="id148" name="id148">swap_slots()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#swap-slots3" id="id149" name="id149">swap_slots3()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#hash-for-slot" id="id150" name="id150">hash_for_slot()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#release-files" id="id151" name="id151">release_files()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#delete-files" id="id152" name="id152">delete_files()</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#fast-resume" id="id153" name="id153">fast resume</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference" href="#file-format" id="id154" name="id154">file format</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#threads" id="id155" name="id155">threads</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#storage-allocation" id="id156" name="id156">storage allocation</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference" href="#sparse-allocation" id="id157" name="id157">sparse allocation</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#full-allocation" id="id158" name="id158">full allocation</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#compact-allocation" id="id159" name="id159">compact allocation</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#extensions" id="id160" name="id160">extensions</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference" href="#metadata-from-peers" id="id161" name="id161">metadata from peers</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#http-seeding" id="id162" name="id162">HTTP seeding</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#filename-checks" id="id163" name="id163">filename checks</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#acknowledgments" id="id164" name="id164">acknowledgments</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="overview" name="overview">overview</a></h1>
<p>The interface of libtorrent consists of a few classes. The main class is
the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session</span></tt>, it contains the main loop that serves all torrents.</p>
<p>The basic usage is as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li><p class="first">construct a session</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">parse .torrent-files and add them to the session (see <a class="reference" href="#bdecode-bencode">bdecode() bencode()</a> and <a class="reference" href="#add-torrent">add_torrent()</a>)</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">main loop (see <a class="reference" href="#session">session</a>)</p>
<blockquote>
<ul class="simple">
<li>query the torrent_handles for progress (see <a class="reference" href="#torrent-handle">torrent_handle</a>)</li>
<li>query the session for information</li>
<li>add and remove torrents from the session at run-time</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
</li>
<li><p class="first">save resume data for all torrent_handles (optional, see
<a class="reference" href="#write-resume-data">write_resume_data()</a>)</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">destruct session object</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Each class and function is described in this manual.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="network-primitives" name="network-primitives">network primitives</a></h1>
<p>There are a few typedefs in the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">libtorrent</span></tt> namespace which pulls
in network types from the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">asio</span></tt> namespace. These are:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
typedef asio::ip::address address;
typedef asio::ip::address_v4 address_v4;
typedef asio::ip::address_v6 address_v6;
using asio::ip::tcp;
using asio::ip::udp;
</pre>
<p>These are declared in the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&lt;libtorrent/socket.hpp&gt;</span></tt> header.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">using</span></tt> statements will give easy access to:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
tcp::endpoint
udp::endpoint
</pre>
<p>Which are the endpoint types used in libtorrent. An endpoint is an address
with an associated port.</p>
<p>For documentation on these types, please refer to the <a class="reference" href="http://asio.sourceforge.net/asio-0.3.8/doc/asio/reference.html">asio documentation</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="session" name="session">session</a></h1>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session</span></tt> class has the following synopsis:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
class session: public boost::noncopyable
{

        session(fingerprint const&amp; print
                = libtorrent::fingerprint(
                &quot;LT&quot;, 0, 1, 0, 0));

        session(
                fingerprint const&amp; print
                , std::pair&lt;int, int&gt; listen_port_range
                , char const* listen_interface = 0);

        torrent_handle add_torrent(
                boost::intrusive_ptr&lt;torrent_info&gt; const&amp; ti
                , boost::filesystem::path const&amp; save_path
                , entry const&amp; resume_data = entry()
                , storage_mode_t storage_mode = storage_mode_sparse
                , bool paused = false
                , storage_constructor_type sc = default_storage_constructor
                , void* userdata = 0);

        torrent_handle add_torrent(
                char const* tracker_url
                , sha1_hash const&amp; info_hash
                , char const* name
                , boost::filesystem::path const&amp; save_path
                , entry const&amp; resume_data = entry()
                , storage_mode_t storage_mode = storage_mode_sparse
                , bool paused = false
                , storage_constructor_type sc = default_storage_constructor
                , void* userdata = 0);

        session_proxy abort();

        enum options_t
        {
                none = 0,
                delete_files = 1
        };

        void remove_torrent(torrent_handle const&amp; h, int options = none);
        torrent_handle find_torrent(sha_hash const&amp; ih);
        std::vector&lt;torrent_handle&gt; get_torrents() const;

        void set_settings(session_settings const&amp; settings);
        void set_pe_settings(pe_settings const&amp; settings);

        void set_upload_rate_limit(int bytes_per_second);
        int upload_rate_limit() const;
        void set_download_rate_limit(int bytes_per_second);
        int download_rate_limit() const;
        void set_max_uploads(int limit);
        void set_max_connections(int limit);
        void set_max_half_open_connections(int limit);
        int max_half_open_connections() const;

        void set_peer_proxy(proxy_settings const&amp; s);
        void set_web_seed_proxy(proxy_settings const&amp; s);
        void set_tracker_proxy(proxy_settings const&amp; s);

        proxy_settings const&amp; peer_proxy() const;
        proxy_settings const&amp; web_seed_proxy() const;
        proxy_settings const&amp; tracker_proxy() const;

        int num_uploads() const;
        int num_connections() const;

        void set_ip_filter(ip_filter const&amp; f);

        session_status status() const;

        bool is_listening() const;
        unsigned short listen_port() const;
        bool listen_on(
                std::pair&lt;int, int&gt; const&amp; port_range
                , char const* interface = 0);

        std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; pop_alert();
        void set_severity_level(alert::severity_t s);

        void add_extension(boost::function&lt;
                boost::shared_ptr&lt;torrent_plugin&gt;(torrent*)&gt; ext);

        void start_dht();
        void stop_dht();
        void set_dht_settings(
                dht_settings const&amp; settings);
        entry dht_state() const;
        void add_dht_node(std::pair&lt;std::string
                , int&gt; const&amp; node);
        void add_dht_router(std::pair&lt;std::string
                , int&gt; const&amp; node);
};
</pre>
<p>Once it's created, the session object will spawn the main thread that will do all the work.
The main thread will be idle as long it doesn't have any torrents to participate in.</p>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="id1" name="id1">session()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
session(fingerprint const&amp; print
        = libtorrent::fingerprint(&quot;LT&quot;, 0, 1, 0, 0));
session(fingerprint const&amp; print
        , std::pair&lt;int, int&gt; listen_port_range
        , char const* listen_interface = 0);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>If the fingerprint in the first overload is omited, the client will get a default
fingerprint stating the version of libtorrent. The fingerprint is a short string that will be
used in the peer-id to identify the client and the client's version. For more details see the
<a class="reference" href="#fingerprint">fingerprint</a> class. The constructor that only takes a fingerprint will not open a
listen port for the session, to get it running you'll have to call <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session::listen_on()</span></tt>.
The other constructor, that takes a port range and an interface as well as the fingerprint
will automatically try to listen on a port on the given interface. For more information about
the parameters, see <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">listen_on()</span></tt> function.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="id2" name="id2">~session()</a></h2>
<p>The destructor of session will notify all trackers that our torrents have been shut down.
If some trackers are down, they will time out. All this before the destructor of session
returns. So, it's advised that any kind of interface (such as windows) are closed before
destructing the session object. Because it can take a few second for it to finish. The
timeout can be set with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_settings()</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="abort" name="abort">abort()</a></h2>
<pre class="literal-block">
session_proxy abort();
</pre>
<p>In case you want to destruct the session asynchrounously, you can request a session
destruction proxy. If you don't do this, the destructor of the session object will
block while the trackers are contacted. If you keep one <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_proxy</span></tt> to the
session when destructing it, the destructor will not block, but start to close down
the session, the destructor of the proxy will then synchronize the threads. So, the
destruction of the session is performed from the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session</span></tt> destructor call until the
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_proxy</span></tt> destructor call. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_proxy</span></tt> does not have any operations
on it (since the session is being closed down, no operations are allowed on it). The
only valid operation is calling the destructor:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
class session_proxy
{
public:
        session_proxy();
        ~session_proxy()
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="add-torrent" name="add-torrent">add_torrent()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
typedef storage_interface* (&amp;storage_constructor_type)(
        boost::intrusive_ptr&lt;torrent_info const&gt;, fs::path const&amp;
        , file_pool&amp;);

torrent_handle add_torrent(
        boost::intrusive_ptr&lt;torrent_info&gt; const&amp; ti
        , boost::filesystem::path const&amp; save_path
        , entry const&amp; resume_data = entry()
        , storage_mode_t storage_mode = storage_mode_sparse
        , bool paused = false
        , storage_constructor_type sc = default_storage_constructor
        , void* userdata = 0);

torrent_handle add_torrent(
        char const* tracker_url
        , sha1_hash const&amp; info_hash
        , char const* name
        , boost::filesystem::path const&amp; save_path
        , entry const&amp; resume_data = entry()
        , storage_mode_t storage_mode = storage_mode_sparse
        , bool paused = false
        , storage_constructor_type sc = default_storage_constructor
        , void* userdata = 0);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>You add torrents through the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_torrent()</span></tt> function where you give an
object representing the information found in the torrent file and the path where you
want to save the files. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">save_path</span></tt> will be prepended to the directory
structure in the torrent-file.</p>
<p>If the torrent you are trying to add already exists in the session (is either queued
for checking, being checked or downloading) <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_torrent()</span></tt> will throw
<a class="reference" href="#duplicate-torrent">duplicate_torrent</a> which derives from <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">std::exception</span></tt>.</p>
<p>The optional parameter, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">resume_data</span></tt> can be given if up to date fast-resume data
is available. The fast-resume data can be acquired from a running torrent by calling
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_handle::write_resume_data()</span></tt>. See <a class="reference" href="#fast-resume">fast resume</a>.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">storage_mode</span></tt> parameter refers to the layout of the storage for this torrent.
There are 3 different modes:</p>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>storage_mode_sparse</dt>
<dd>All pieces will be written to the place where they belong and sparse files
will be used. This is the recommended, and default mode.</dd>
<dt>storage_mode_allocate</dt>
<dd>All pieces will be allocated, zeroes will be written to the files, before
the data is downloaded and written to the file. This might be useful for
filesystems that don't support sparse files.</dd>
<dt>storage_mode_compact</dt>
<dd>The storage will grow as more pieces are downloaded, and pieces
are rearranged to finally be in their correct places once the entire torrent has been
downloaded.</dd>
</dl>
<p>For more information, see <a class="reference" href="#storage-allocation">storage allocation</a>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">paused</span></tt> is a boolean that specifies whether or not the torrent is to be started in
a paused state. I.e. it won't connect to the tracker or any of the peers until it's
resumed. This is typically a good way of avoiding race conditions when setting
configuration options on torrents before starting them.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">storage_constructor</span></tt> can be used to customize how the data is stored. The default
storage will simply write the data to the files it belongs to, but it could be
overridden to save everything to a single file at a specific location or encrypt the
content on disk for instance. For more information about the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">storage_interface</span></tt>
that needs to be implemented for a custom storage, see <a class="reference" href="#storage-interface">storage_interface</a>.</p>
<p>The <a class="reference" href="#torrent-handle">torrent_handle</a> returned by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_torrent()</span></tt> can be used to retrieve information
about the torrent's progress, its peers etc. It is also used to abort a torrent.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">userdata</span></tt> parameter is optional and will be passed on to the extension
constructor functions, if any (see <a class="reference" href="#add-extension">add_extension()</a>).</p>
<p>The second overload that takes a tracker url and an info-hash instead of metadata
(<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_info</span></tt>) can be used with torrents where (at least some) peers support
the metadata extension. For the overload to be available, libtorrent must be built
with extensions enabled (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">TORRENT_DISABLE_EXTENSIONS</span></tt> must not be defined). It also
takes an optional <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">name</span></tt> argument. This may be 0 in case no name should be assigned
to the torrent. In case it's not 0, the name is used for the torrent as long as it doesn't
have metadata. See <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_handle::name</span></tt>.</p>
<p>If the torrent doesn't have a tracker, but relies on the DHT to find peers, the
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tracker_url</span></tt> can be 0.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="remove-torrent" name="remove-torrent">remove_torrent()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void remove_torrent(torrent_handle const&amp; h, int options = none);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">remove_torrent()</span></tt> will close all peer connections associated with the torrent and tell
the tracker that we've stopped participating in the swarm. The optional second argument
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">options</span></tt> can be used to delete all the files downloaded by this torrent. To do this, pass
in the value <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session::delete_files</span></tt>. The removal of the torrent is asyncronous, there is
no guarantee that adding the same torrent immediately after it was removed will not throw
a <a class="reference" href="#duplicate-torrent">duplicate_torrent</a> exception.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="find-torrent-get-torrents" name="find-torrent-get-torrents">find_torrent() get_torrents()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
torrent_handle find_torrent(sha_hash const&amp; ih);
std::vector&lt;torrent_handle&gt; get_torrents() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">find_torrent()</span></tt> looks for a torrent with the given info-hash. In case there
is such a torrent in the session, a torrent_handle to that torrent is returned.
In case the torrent cannot be found, an invalid torrent_handle is returned.</p>
<p>See <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_handle::is_valid()</span></tt> to know if the torrent was found or not.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">get_torrents()</span></tt> returns a vector of torrent_handles to all the torrents
currently in the session.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="set-upload-rate-limit-set-download-rate-limit-upload-rate-limit-download-rate-limit" name="set-upload-rate-limit-set-download-rate-limit-upload-rate-limit-download-rate-limit">set_upload_rate_limit() set_download_rate_limit() upload_rate_limit() download_rate_limit()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_upload_rate_limit(int bytes_per_second);
void set_download_rate_limit(int bytes_per_second);
int upload_rate_limit() const;
int download_rate_limit() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_upload_rate_limit()</span></tt> set the maximum number of bytes allowed to be
sent to peers per second. This bandwidth is distributed among all the peers. If
you don't want to limit upload rate, you can set this to -1 (the default).
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_download_rate_limit()</span></tt> works the same way but for download rate instead
of upload rate.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">download_rate_limit()</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upload_rate_limit()</span></tt> returns the previously
set limits.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="set-max-uploads-set-max-connections" name="set-max-uploads-set-max-connections">set_max_uploads() set_max_connections()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_max_uploads(int limit);
void set_max_connections(int limit);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>These functions will set a global limit on the number of unchoked peers (uploads)
and the number of connections opened. The number of connections is set to a hard
minimum of at least two connections per torrent, so if you set a too low
connections limit, and open too many torrents, the limit will not be met. The
number of uploads is at least one per torrent.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="num-uploads-num-connections" name="num-uploads-num-connections">num_uploads() num_connections()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
int num_uploads() const;
int num_connections() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Returns the number of currently unchoked peers and the number of connections
(including half-open ones) respectively.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="set-max-half-open-connections-max-half-open-connections" name="set-max-half-open-connections-max-half-open-connections">set_max_half_open_connections() max_half_open_connections()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_max_half_open_connections(int limit);
int max_half_open_connections() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Sets the maximum number of half-open connections libtorrent will have when
connecting to peers. A half-open connection is one where connect() has been
called, but the connection still hasn't been established (nor failed). Windows
XP Service Pack 2 sets a default, system wide, limit of the number of half-open
connections to 10. So, this limit can be used to work nicer together with
other network applications on that system. The default is to have no limit,
and passing -1 as the limit, means to have no limit. When limiting the number
of simultaneous connection attempts, peers will be put in a queue waiting for
their turn to get connected.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_half_open_connections()</span></tt> returns the set limit. This limit defaults
to 8 on windows.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="set-ip-filter" name="set-ip-filter">set_ip_filter()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_ip_filter(ip_filter const&amp; filter);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Sets a filter that will be used to reject and accept incoming as well as outgoing
connections based on their originating ip address. The default filter will allow
connections to any ip address. To build a set of rules for which addresses are
accepted and not, see <a class="reference" href="#ip-filter">ip_filter</a>.</p>
<p>Each time a peer is blocked because of the IP filter, a <a class="reference" href="#peer-blocked-alert">peer_blocked_alert</a> is
generated.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="status" name="status">status()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
session_status status() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">status()</span></tt> returns session wide-statistics and status. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_status</span></tt>
struct has the following members:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct session_status
{
        bool has_incoming_connections;

        float upload_rate;
        float download_rate;

        float payload_upload_rate;
        float payload_download_rate;

        size_type total_download;
        size_type total_upload;

        size_type total_payload_download;
        size_type total_payload_upload;

        int num_peers;

        int dht_nodes;
        int dht_cache_nodes;
        int dht_torrents;
        int dht_global_nodes;
};
</pre>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">has_incoming_connections</span></tt> is false as long as no incoming connections have been
established on the listening socket. Every time you change the listen port, this will
be reset to false.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upload_rate</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">download_rate</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">payload_download_rate</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">payload_upload_rate</span></tt>
are the total download and upload rates accumulated from all torrents. The payload
versions is the payload download only.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_download</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_upload</span></tt> are the total number of bytes downloaded and
uploaded to and from all torrents. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_payload_download</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_payload_upload</span></tt>
are the same thing but where only the payload is considered.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_peers</span></tt> is the total number of peer connections this session has. This includes
incoming connections that still hasn't sent their handshake or outgoing connections
that still hasn't completed the TCP connection. This number may be slightly higher
than the sum of all peers of all torrents because the incoming connections may not
be assigned a torrent yet.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht_nodes</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht_cache_nodes</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht_torrents</span></tt> are only available when
built with DHT support. They are all set to 0 if the DHT isn't running. When
the DHT is running, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht_nodes</span></tt> is set to the number of nodes in the routing
table. This number only includes <em>active</em> nodes, not cache nodes. The
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht_cache_nodes</span></tt> is set to the number of nodes in the node cache. These nodes
are used to replace the regular nodes in the routing table in case any of them
becomes unresponsive.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht_torrents</span></tt> are the number of torrents tracked by the DHT at the moment.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht_global_nodes</span></tt> is an estimation of the total number of nodes in the DHT
network.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="is-listening-listen-port-listen-on" name="is-listening-listen-port-listen-on">is_listening() listen_port() listen_on()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool is_listening() const;
unsigned short listen_port() const;
bool listen_on(
        std::pair&lt;int, int&gt; const&amp; port_range
        , char const* interface = 0);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">is_listening()</span></tt> will tell you whether or not the session has successfully
opened a listening port. If it hasn't, this function will return false, and
then you can use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">listen_on()</span></tt> to make another try.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">listen_port()</span></tt> returns the port we ended up listening on. Since you just pass
a port-range to the constructor and to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">listen_on()</span></tt>, to know which port it
ended up using, you have to ask the session using this function.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">listen_on()</span></tt> will change the listen port and/or the listen interface. If the
session is already listening on a port, this socket will be closed and a new socket
will be opened with these new settings. The port range is the ports it will try
to listen on, if the first port fails, it will continue trying the next port within
the range and so on. The interface parameter can be left as 0, in that case the
os will decide which interface to listen on, otherwise it should be the ip-address
of the interface you want the listener socket bound to. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">listen_on()</span></tt> returns true
if it managed to open the socket, and false if it failed. If it fails, it will also
generate an appropriate alert (<a class="reference" href="#listen-failed-alert">listen_failed_alert</a>).</p>
<p>The interface parameter can also be a hostname that will resolve to the device you
want to listen on.</p>
<p>If you're also starting the DHT, it is a good idea to do that after you've called
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">listen_on()</span></tt>, since the default listen port for the DHT is the same as the tcp
listen socket. If you start the DHT first, it will assume the tcp port is free and
open the udp socket on that port, then later, when <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">listen_on()</span></tt> is called, it
may turn out that the tcp port is in use. That results in the DHT and the bittorrent
socket listening on different ports. If the DHT is active when <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">listen_on</span></tt> is
called, the udp port will be rebound to the new port, if it was configured to use
the same port as the tcp socket, and if the listen_on call failed to bind to the
same port that the udp uses.</p>
<p>The reason why it's a good idea to run the DHT and the bittorrent socket on the same
port is because that is an assumption that may be used to increase performance. One
way to accelerate the connecting of peers on windows may be to first ping all peers
with a DHT ping packet, and connect to those that responds first. On windows one
can only connect to a few peers at a time because of a built in limitation (in XP
Service pack 2).</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="pop-alert-set-severity-level" name="pop-alert-set-severity-level">pop_alert() set_severity_level()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; pop_alert();
void set_severity_level(alert::severity_t s);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pop_alert()</span></tt> is used to ask the session if any errors or events has occurred. With
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_severity_level()</span></tt> you can filter how serious the event has to be for you to
receive it through <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pop_alert()</span></tt>. For information, see <a class="reference" href="#alerts">alerts</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="add-extension" name="add-extension">add_extension()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void add_extension(boost::function&lt;
        boost::shared_ptr&lt;torrent_plugin&gt;(torrent*, void*)&gt; ext);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function adds an extension to this session. The argument is a function
object that is called with a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent*</span></tt> and which should return a
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">boost::shared_ptr&lt;torrent_plugin&gt;</span></tt>. To write custom plugins, see
<a class="reference" href="libtorrent_plugins.html">libtorrent plugins</a>. The main plugins implemented in libtorrent are:</p>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>metadata extension</dt>
<dd>Allows peers to download the metadata (.torren files) from the swarm
directly. Makes it possible to join a swarm with just a tracker and
info-hash.</dd>
<dt>uTorrent peer exchange</dt>
<dd>Exchanges peers between clients.</dd>
</dl>
<p>To use these, imclude <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&lt;libtorrent/extensions/metadata_transfer.hpp&gt;</span></tt>
or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&lt;libtorrent/extensions/ut_pex.hpp&gt;</span></tt>. The functions to pass in to
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_extension()</span></tt> are <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">libtorrent::create_metadata_plugin</span></tt> and
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">libtorrent::create_ut_pex_plugin</span></tt> respectively.</p>
<p>e.g.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
ses.add_extension(&amp;libtorrent::create_metadata_plugin);
ses.add_extension(&amp;libtorrent::create_ut_pex_plugin);
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="set-settings-set-pe-settings" name="set-settings-set-pe-settings">set_settings() set_pe_settings()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_settings(session_settings const&amp; settings);
void set_pe_settings(pe_settings const&amp; settings);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Sets the session settings and the packet encryption settings respectively.
See <a class="reference" href="#session-settings">session_settings</a> and <a class="reference" href="#pe-settings">pe_settings</a> for more information on available
options.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="set-peer-proxy-set-web-seed-proxy-set-tracker-proxy-set-dht-proxy" name="set-peer-proxy-set-web-seed-proxy-set-tracker-proxy-set-dht-proxy">set_peer_proxy() set_web_seed_proxy() set_tracker_proxy() set_dht_proxy()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_peer_proxy(proxy_settings const&amp; s);
void set_web_seed_proxy(proxy_settings const&amp; s);
void set_tracker_proxy(proxy_settings const&amp; s);
void set_dht_proxy(proxy_settings const&amp; s);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_dht_proxy</span></tt> is not available when DHT is disabled. These functions
sets the proxy settings for different kinds of connections, bittorrent peers,
web seeds, trackers and the DHT traffic.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_peer_proxy</span></tt> affects regular bittorrent peers. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_web_seed_proxy</span></tt>
affects only web seeds. see <a class="reference" href="#http-seeding">HTTP seeding</a>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_tracker_proxy</span></tt> only affects HTTP tracker connections (UDP tracker
connections are affected if the given proxy supports UDP, e.g. SOCKS5).</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_dht_proxy</span></tt> affects the DHT messages. Since they are sent over UDP,
it only has any effect if the proxy supports UDP.</p>
<p>For more information on what settings are available for proxies, see
<a class="reference" href="#proxy-settings">proxy_settings</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="peer-proxy-web-seed-proxy-tracker-proxy-dht-proxy" name="peer-proxy-web-seed-proxy-tracker-proxy-dht-proxy">peer_proxy() web_seed_proxy() tracker_proxy() dht_proxy()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
proxy_settings const&amp; peer_proxy() const;
proxy_settings const&amp; web_seed_proxy() const;
proxy_settings const&amp; tracker_proxy() const;
proxy_settings const&amp; dht_proxy() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>These functions returns references to their respective current settings.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht_proxy</span></tt> is not available when DHT is disabled.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="start-dht-stop-dht-set-dht-settings-dht-state" name="start-dht-stop-dht-set-dht-settings-dht-state">start_dht() stop_dht() set_dht_settings() dht_state()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void start_dht(entry const&amp; startup_state);
void stop_dht();
void set_dht_settings(dht_settings const&amp; settings);
entry dht_state() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>These functions are not available in case <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">TORRENT_DISABLE_DHT</span></tt> is
defined. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">start_dht</span></tt> starts the dht node and makes the trackerless service
available to torrents. The startup state is optional and can contain nodes
and the node id from the previous session. The dht node state is a bencoded
dictionary with the following entries:</p>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">nodes</span></tt></dt>
<dd>A list of strings, where each string is a node endpoint encoded in binary. If
the string is 6 bytes long, it is an IPv4 address of 4 bytes, encoded in
network byte order (big endian), followed by a 2 byte port number (also
network byte order). If the string is 18 bytes long, it is 16 bytes of IPv6
address followed by a 2 bytes port number (also network byte order).</dd>
<dt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">node-id</span></tt></dt>
<dd>The node id written as a readable string as a hexadecimal number.</dd>
</dl>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht_state</span></tt> will return the current state of the dht node, this can be used
to start up the node again, passing this entry to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">start_dht</span></tt>. It is a good
idea to save this to disk when the session is closed, and read it up again
when starting.</p>
<p>If the port the DHT is supposed to listen on is already in use, and exception
is thrown, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">asio::error</span></tt>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">stop_dht</span></tt> stops the dht node.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_dht_node</span></tt> adds a node to the routing table. This can be used if your
client has its own source of bootstrapping nodes.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_dht_settings</span></tt> sets some parameters availavle to the dht node. The
struct has the following members:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct dht_settings
{
        int max_peers_reply;
        int search_branching;
        int service_port;
        int max_fail_count;
};
</pre>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_peers_reply</span></tt> is the maximum number of peers the node will send in
response to a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">get_peers</span></tt> message from another node.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">search_branching</span></tt> is the number of concurrent search request the node will
send when announcing and refreshing the routing table. This parameter is
called alpha in the kademlia paper.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">service_port</span></tt> is the udp port the node will listen to. This will default
to 0, which means the udp listen port will be the same as the tcp listen
port. This is in general a good idea, since some NAT implementations
reserves the udp port for any mapped tcp port, and vice versa. NAT-PMP
guarantees this for example.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_fail_count</span></tt> is the maximum number of failed tries to contact a node
before it is removed from the routing table. If there are known working nodes
that are ready to replace a failing node, it will be replaced immediately,
this limit is only used to clear out nodes that don't have any node that can
replace them.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="add-dht-node-add-dht-router" name="add-dht-node-add-dht-router">add_dht_node() add_dht_router()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void add_dht_node(std::pair&lt;std::string, int&gt; const&amp; node);
void add_dht_router(std::pair&lt;std::string, int&gt; const&amp; node);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_dht_node</span></tt> takes a host name and port pair. That endpoint will be
pinged, and if a valid DHT reply is received, the node will be added to
the routing table.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_dht_router</span></tt> adds the given endpoint to a list of DHT router nodes.
If a search is ever made while the routing table is empty, those nodes will
be used as backups. Nodes in the router node list will also never be added
to the regular routing table, which effectively means they are only used
for bootstrapping, to keep the load off them.</p>
<p>An example routing node that you could typically add is
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">router.bittorrent.com</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="entry" name="entry">entry</a></h1>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">entry</span></tt> class represents one node in a bencoded hierarchy. It works as a
variant type, it can be either a list, a dictionary (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">std::map</span></tt>), an integer
or a string. This is its synopsis:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
class entry
{
public:

        typedef std::map&lt;std::string, entry&gt; dictionary_type;
        typedef std::string string_type;
        typedef std::list&lt;entry&gt; list_type;
        typedef size_type integer_type;

        enum data_type
        {
                int_t,
                string_t,
                list_t,
                dictionary_t,
                undefined_t
        };

        data_type type() const;

        entry(dictionary_type const&amp;);
        entry(string_type const&amp;);
        entry(list_type const&amp;);
        entry(integer_type const&amp;);

        entry();
        entry(data_type t);
        entry(entry const&amp; e);
        ~entry();

        void operator=(entry const&amp; e);
        void operator=(dictionary_type const&amp;);
        void operator=(string_type const&amp;);
        void operator=(list_type const&amp;);
        void operator=(integer_type const&amp;);

        integer_type&amp; integer();
        integer_type const&amp; integer() const;
        string_type&amp; string();
        string_type const&amp; string() const;
        list_type&amp; list();
        list_type const&amp; list() const;
        dictionary_type&amp; dict();
        dictionary_type const&amp; dict() const;

        // these functions requires that the entry
        // is a dictionary, otherwise they will throw
        entry&amp; operator[](char const* key);
        entry&amp; operator[](std::string const&amp; key);
        entry const&amp; operator[](char const* key) const;
        entry const&amp; operator[](std::string const&amp; key) const;
        entry* find_key(char const* key);
        entry const* find_key(char const* key) const;

        void print(std::ostream&amp; os, int indent = 0) const;
};
</pre>
<p><em>TODO: finish documentation of entry.</em></p>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="integer-string-list-dict-type" name="integer-string-list-dict-type">integer() string() list() dict() type()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
integer_type&amp; integer();
integer_type const&amp; integer() const;
string_type&amp; string();
string_type const&amp; string() const;
list_type&amp; list();
list_type const&amp; list() const;
dictionary_type&amp; dict();
dictionary_type const&amp; dict() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">integer()</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">string()</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">list()</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dict()</span></tt> functions
are accessors that return the respective type. If the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">entry</span></tt> object isn't of the
type you request, the accessor will throw <a class="reference" href="#type-error">type_error</a> (which derives from
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">std::runtime_error</span></tt>). You can ask an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">entry</span></tt> for its type through the
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">type()</span></tt> function.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">print()</span></tt> function is there for debug purposes only.</p>
<p>If you want to create an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">entry</span></tt> you give it the type you want it to have in its
constructor, and then use one of the non-const accessors to get a reference which you then
can assign the value you want it to have.</p>
<p>The typical code to get info from a torrent file will then look like this:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
entry torrent_file;
// ...

// throws if this is not a dictionary
entry::dictionary_type const&amp; dict = torrent_file.dict();
entry::dictionary_type::const_iterator i;
i = dict.find(&quot;announce&quot;);
if (i != dict.end())
{
        std::string tracker_url = i-&gt;second.string();
        std::cout &lt;&lt; tracker_url &lt;&lt; &quot;\n&quot;;
}
</pre>
<p>The following code is equivalent, but a little bit shorter:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
entry torrent_file;
// ...

// throws if this is not a dictionary
if (entry* i = torrent_file.find_key(&quot;announce&quot;))
{
        std::string tracker_url = i-&gt;string();
        std::cout &lt;&lt; tracker_url &lt;&lt; &quot;\n&quot;;
}
</pre>
<p>To make it easier to extract information from a torrent file, the class <a class="reference" href="#torrent-info">torrent_info</a>
exists.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="operator" name="operator">operator[]</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
entry&amp; operator[](char const* key);
entry&amp; operator[](std::string const&amp; key);
entry const&amp; operator[](char const* key) const;
entry const&amp; operator[](std::string const&amp; key) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>All of these functions requires the entry to be a dictionary, if it isn't they
will throw <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">libtorrent::type_error</span></tt>.</p>
<p>The non-const versions of the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">operator[]</span></tt> will return a reference to either
the existing element at the given key or, if there is no element with the
given key, a reference to a newly inserted element at that key.</p>
<p>The const version of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">operator[]</span></tt> will only return a reference to an
existing element at the given key. If the key is not found, it will throw
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">libtorrent::type_error</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="find-key" name="find-key">find_key()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
entry* find_key(char const* key);
entry const* find_key(char const* key) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>These functions requires the entry to be a dictionary, if it isn't they
will throw <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">libtorrent::type_error</span></tt>.</p>
<p>They will look for an element at the given key in the dictionary, if the
element cannot be found, they will return 0. If an element with the given
key is found, the return a pointer to it.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="torrent-info" name="torrent-info">torrent_info</a></h1>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_info</span></tt> has the following synopsis:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
class torrent_info
{
public:

        torrent_info();
        torrent_info(sha1_hash const&amp; info_hash);
        torrent_info(entry const&amp; torrent_file);

        entry create_torrent() const;
        void set_comment(char const* str);
        void set_piece_size(int size);
        void set_creator(char const* str);
        void set_hash(int index, sha1_hash const&amp; h);
        void add_tracker(std::string const&amp; url, int tier = 0);
        void add_file(boost::filesystem::path file, size_type size);
        void add_url_seed(std::string const&amp; url);

        typedef std::vector&lt;file_entry&gt;::const_iterator file_iterator;
        typedef std::vector&lt;file_entry&gt;::const_reverse_iterator
                reverse_file_iterator;

        bool remap_files(std::vector&lt;file_entry&gt; const&amp; map);

        file_iterator begin_files(bool storage = false) const;
        file_iterator end_files(bool storage = false) const;
        reverse_file_iterator rbegin_files(bool storage = false) const;
        reverse_file_iterator rend_files(bool storage = false) const;

        int num_files(bool storage = false) const;
        file_entry const&amp; file_at(int index, bool storage = false) const;

        std::vector&lt;file_slice&gt; map_block(int piece, size_type offset
                , int size, bool storage = false) const;
        peer_request map_file(int file_index, size_type file_offset
                , int size, bool storage = false) const;

        std::vector&lt;announce_entry&gt; const&amp; trackers() const;

        bool priv() const;
        void set_priv(bool v);

        std::vector&lt;std::string&gt; const&amp; url_seeds() const;

        size_type total_size() const;
        size_type piece_length() const;
        int num_pieces() const;
        sha1_hash const&amp; info_hash() const;
        std::string const&amp; name() const;
        std::string const&amp; comment() const;
        std::string const&amp; creator() const;

        std::vector&lt;std::pair&lt;std::string, int&gt; &gt; const&amp; nodes() const;
        void add_node(std::pair&lt;std::string, int&gt; const&amp; node);

        boost::optional&lt;boost::posix_time::ptime&gt;
        creation_date() const;

        void print(std::ostream&amp; os) const;

        size_type piece_size(unsigned int index) const;
        sha1_hash const&amp; hash_for_piece(unsigned int index) const;
};
</pre>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="id3" name="id3">torrent_info()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
torrent_info();
torrent_info(sha1_hash const&amp; info_hash);
torrent_info(entry const&amp; torrent_file);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>The default constructor of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_info</span></tt> is used when creating torrent files. It will
initialize the object to an empty torrent, containing no files. The info hash will be set
to 0 when this constructor is used. To use the empty <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_info</span></tt> object, add files
and piece hashes, announce URLs and optionally a creator tag and comment. To do this you
use the members <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_comment()</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_piece_size()</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_creator()</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_hash()</span></tt>
etc.</p>
<p>The constructor that takes an info-hash is identical to the default constructor with the
exception that it will initialize the info-hash to the given value. This is used internally
when downloading torrents without the metadata. The metadata will be created by libtorrent
as soon as it has been downloaded from the swarm.</p>
<p>The last constructor is the one that is used in most cases. It will create a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_info</span></tt>
object from the information found in the given torrent_file. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">entry</span></tt> represents a tree
node in an bencoded file. To load an ordinary .torrent file into an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">entry</span></tt>, use bdecode(),
see <a class="reference" href="#bdecode-bencode">bdecode() bencode()</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="set-comment-set-piece-size-set-creator-set-hash-add-tracker-add-file" name="set-comment-set-piece-size-set-creator-set-hash-add-tracker-add-file">set_comment() set_piece_size() set_creator() set_hash() add_tracker() add_file()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_comment(char const* str);
void set_piece_size(int size);
void set_creator(char const* str);
void set_hash(int index, sha1_hash const&amp; h);
void add_tracker(std::string const&amp; url, int tier = 0);
void add_file(boost::filesystem::path file, size_type size);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>These files are used when creating a torrent file. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_comment()</span></tt> will simply set
the comment that belongs to this torrent. The comment can be retrieved with the
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">comment()</span></tt> member. The string should be UTF-8 encoded.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_piece_size()</span></tt> will set the size of each piece in this torrent. The piece size must
be an even multiple of 2. i.e. usually something like 256 kiB, 512 kiB, 1024 kiB etc. The
size is given in number of bytes.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_creator()</span></tt> is an optional attribute that can be used to identify your application
that was used to create the torrent file. The string should be UTF-8 encoded.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_hash()</span></tt> writes the hash for the piece with the given piece-index. You have to call
this function for every piece in the torrent. Usually the <a class="reference" href="#hasher">hasher</a> is used to calculate
the sha1-hash for a piece.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_tracker()</span></tt> adds a tracker to the announce-list. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tier</span></tt> determines the order in
which the trackers are to be tried. For more information see <a class="reference" href="#trackers">trackers()</a>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_file()</span></tt> adds a file to the torrent. The order in which you add files will determine
the order in which they are placed in the torrent file. You have to add at least one file
to the torrent. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">path</span></tt> you give has to be a relative path from the root directory
of the torrent. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">size</span></tt> is given in bytes.</p>
<p>When you have added all the files and hashes to your torrent, you can generate an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">entry</span></tt>
which then can be encoded as a .torrent file. You do this by calling <a class="reference" href="#create-torrent">create_torrent()</a>.</p>
<p>For a complete example of how to create a torrent from a file structure, see <a class="reference" href="examples.html#make_torrent">make_torrent</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="create-torrent" name="create-torrent">create_torrent()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
entry create_torrent();
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Returns an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">entry</span></tt> representing the bencoded tree of data that makes up a .torrent file.
You can save this data as a torrent file with bencode() (see <a class="reference" href="#bdecode-bencode">bdecode() bencode()</a>), for a
complete example, see <a class="reference" href="examples.html#make_torrent">make_torrent</a>.</p>
<p>This function is not const because it will also set the info-hash of the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_info</span></tt>
object.</p>
<p>Note that a torrent file must include at least one file, and it must have at
least one tracker url or at least one DHT node.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="remap-files" name="remap-files">remap_files()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool remap_files(std::vector&lt;file_entry&gt; const&amp; map);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This call will create a new mapping of the data in this torrent to other files. The
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_info</span></tt> maintains 2 views of the file storage. One that is true to the torrent
file, and one that represents what is actually saved on disk. This call will change
what the files on disk are called.</p>
<p>The each entry in the vector <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">map</span></tt> is a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_entry</span></tt>. The only fields in this struct
that are used in this case are <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">path</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">size</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_base</span></tt>.</p>
<p>The return value indicates if the remap was successful or not. True means success and
false means failure. The sum of all the files passed in through <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">map</span></tt> has to be exactly
the same as the total_size of the torrent. If the number of bytes that are mapped do not
match, false will be returned (this is the only case this function may fail).</p>
<p>Changing this mapping for an existing torrent will not move or rename files. If some files
should be renamed, this can be done before the torrent is added.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="begin-files-end-files-rbegin-files-rend-files" name="begin-files-end-files-rbegin-files-rend-files">begin_files() end_files() rbegin_files() rend_files()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
file_iterator begin_files(bool storage = false) const;
file_iterator end_files(bool storage = false) const;
reverse_file_iterator rbegin_files(bool storage = false) const;
reverse_file_iterator rend_files(bool storage = false) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This class will need some explanation. First of all, to get a list of all files
in the torrent, you can use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">begin_files()</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">end_files()</span></tt>,
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">rbegin_files()</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">rend_files()</span></tt>. These will give you standard vector
iterators with the type <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_entry</span></tt>.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">storage</span></tt> parameter specifies which view of the files you want. The default
is false, which means you will see the content of the torrent file. If set to
true, you will see the file that the storage class uses to save the files to
disk. Typically these views are the same, but in case the files have been
remapped, they may differ. For more info, see <a class="reference" href="#remap-files">remap_files()</a>.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct file_entry
{
        boost::filesystem::path path;
        size_type offset;
        size_type size;
        size_type file_base;
        boost::shared_ptr&lt;const boost::filesystem::path&gt; orig_path;
};
</pre>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">path</span></tt> is the full (relative) path of each file. i.e. if it is a multi-file
torrent, all the files starts with a directory with the same name as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_info::name()</span></tt>.
The filenames are encoded with UTF-8.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">size</span></tt> is the size of the file (in bytes) and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">offset</span></tt> is the byte offset
of the file within the torrent. i.e. the sum of all the sizes of the files
before it in the list.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_base</span></tt> is the offset in the file where the storage should start. The normal
case is to have this set to 0, so that the storage starts saving data at the start
if the file. In cases where multiple files are mapped into the same file though,
the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_base</span></tt> should be set to an offset so that the different regions do
not overlap. This is used when mapping &quot;unselected&quot; files into a so-called part
file.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">orig_path</span></tt> is set to 0 in case the path element is an exact copy of that
found in the metadata. In case the path in the original metadata was
incorrectly encoded, and had to be fixed in order to be acceptable utf-8,
the original string is preserved in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">orig_path</span></tt>. The reason to keep it
is to be able to reproduce the info-section exactly, with the correct
info-hash.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="num-files-file-at" name="num-files-file-at">num_files() file_at()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
int num_files(bool storage = false) const;
file_entry const&amp; file_at(int index, bool storage = false) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>If you need index-access to files you can use the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_files()</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_at()</span></tt>
to access files using indices.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">storage</span></tt> parameter specifies which view of the files you want. The default
is false, which means you will see the content of the torrent file. If set to
true, you will see the file that the storage class uses to save the files to
disk. Typically these views are the same, but in case the files have been
remapped, they may differ. For more info, see <a class="reference" href="#remap-files">remap_files()</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="map-block" name="map-block">map_block()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::vector&lt;file_slice&gt; map_block(int piece, size_type offset
        , int size, bool storage = false) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function will map a piece index, a byte offset within that piece and
a size (in bytes) into the corresponding files with offsets where that data
for that piece is supposed to be stored.</p>
<p>The file slice struct looks like this:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct file_slice
{
        int file_index;
        size_type offset;
        size_type size;
};
</pre>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_index</span></tt> refers to the index of the file (in the torrent_info).
To get the path and filename, use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_at()</span></tt> and give the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_index</span></tt>
as argument. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">offset</span></tt> is the byte offset in the file where the range
starts, and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">size</span></tt> is the number of bytes this range is. The size + offset
will never be greater than the file size.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">storage</span></tt> parameter specifies which view of the files you want. The default
is false, which means you will see the content of the torrent file. If set to
true, you will see the file that the storage class uses to save the files to
disk. Typically these views are the same, but in case the files have been
remapped, they may differ. For more info, see <a class="reference" href="#remap-files">remap_files()</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="map-file" name="map-file">map_file()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
peer_request map_file(int file_index, size_type file_offset
        , int size, bool storage = false) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function will map a range in a specific file into a range in the torrent.
The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_offset</span></tt> parameter is the offset in the file, given in bytes, where
0 is the start of the file.
The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">peer_request</span></tt> structure looks like this:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct peer_request
{
        int piece;
        int start;
        int length;
        bool operator==(peer_request const&amp; r) const;
};
</pre>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece</span></tt> is the index of the piece in which the range starts.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">start</span></tt> is the offset within that piece where the range starts.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">length</span></tt> is the size of the range, in bytes.</p>
<p>The input range is assumed to be valid within the torrent. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_offset</span></tt>
+ <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">size</span></tt> is not allowed to be greater than the file size. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_index</span></tt>
must refer to a valid file, i.e. it cannot be &gt;= <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_files()</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="url-seeds-add-url-seed" name="url-seeds-add-url-seed">url_seeds() add_url_seed()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::vector&lt;std::string&gt; const&amp; url_seeds() const;
void add_url_seed(std::string const&amp; url);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>If there are any url-seeds in this torrent, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">url_seeds()</span></tt> will return a
vector of those urls. If you're creating a torrent file, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_url_seed()</span></tt>
adds one url to the list of url-seeds. Currently, the only transport protocol
supported for the url is http.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">storage</span></tt> parameter specifies which view of the files you want. The default
is false, which means you will see the content of the torrent file. If set to
true, you will see the file that the storage class uses to save the files to
disk. Typically these views are the same, but in case the files have been
remapped, they may differ. For more info, see <a class="reference" href="#remap-files">remap_files()</a>.</p>
<p>See <a class="reference" href="#http-seeding">HTTP seeding</a> for more information.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="print" name="print">print()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void print(std::ostream&amp; os) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">print()</span></tt> function is there for debug purposes only. It will print the info from
the torrent file to the given outstream. This function has been deprecated and will
be removed from future releases.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="trackers" name="trackers">trackers()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::vector&lt;announce_entry&gt; const&amp; trackers() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">trackers()</span></tt> function will return a sorted vector of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">announce_entry</span></tt>.
Each announce entry contains a string, which is the tracker url, and a tier index. The
tier index is the high-level priority. No matter which trackers that works or not, the
ones with lower tier will always be tried before the one with higher tier number.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct announce_entry
{
        announce_entry(std::string const&amp; url);
        std::string url;
        int tier;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="total-size-piece-length-piece-size-num-pieces" name="total-size-piece-length-piece-size-num-pieces">total_size() piece_length() piece_size() num_pieces()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
size_type total_size() const;
size_type piece_length() const;
size_type piece_size(unsigned int index) const;
int num_pieces() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_size()</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_length()</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_pieces()</span></tt> returns the total
number of bytes the torrent-file represents (all the files in it), the number of byte for
each piece and the total number of pieces, respectively. The difference between
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_size()</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_length()</span></tt> is that <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_size()</span></tt> takes
the piece index as argument and gives you the exact size of that piece. It will always
be the same as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_length()</span></tt> except in the case of the last piece, which may
be smaller.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="hash-for-piece-info-hash" name="hash-for-piece-info-hash">hash_for_piece() info_hash()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
size_type piece_size(unsigned int index) const;
sha1_hash const&amp; hash_for_piece(unsigned int index) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">hash_for_piece()</span></tt> takes a piece-index and returns the 20-bytes sha1-hash for that
piece and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info_hash()</span></tt> returns the 20-bytes sha1-hash for the info-section of the
torrent file. For more information on the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sha1_hash</span></tt>, see the <a class="reference" href="#big-number">big_number</a> class.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info_hash()</span></tt> will only return a valid hash if the torrent_info was read from a
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">.torrent</span></tt> file or if an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">entry</span></tt> was created from it (through <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">create_torrent</span></tt>).</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="name-comment-creation-date-creator" name="name-comment-creation-date-creator">name() comment() creation_date() creator()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::string const&amp; name() const;
std::string const&amp; comment() const;
boost::optional&lt;boost::posix_time::ptime&gt; creation_date() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">name()</span></tt> returns the name of the torrent.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">comment()</span></tt> returns the comment associated with the torrent. If there's no comment,
it will return an empty string. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">creation_date()</span></tt> returns a <a class="reference" href="http://www.boost.org/doc/html/date_time/posix_time.html#date_time.posix_time.ptime_class">boost::posix_time::ptime</a>
object, representing the time when this torrent file was created. If there's no time stamp
in the torrent file, this will return a date of January 1:st 1970.</p>
<p>Both the name and the comment is UTF-8 encoded strings.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">creator()</span></tt> returns the creator string in the torrent. If there is no creator string
it will return an empty string.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="priv-set-priv" name="priv-set-priv">priv() set_priv()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool priv() const;
void set_priv(bool v);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">priv()</span></tt> returns true if this torrent is private. i.e., it should not be
distributed on the trackerless network (the kademlia DHT).</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_priv()</span></tt> sets or clears the private flag on this torrent.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="nodes" name="nodes">nodes()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::vector&lt;std::pair&lt;std::string, int&gt; &gt; const&amp; nodes() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>If this torrent contains any DHT nodes, they are put in this vector in their original
form (host name and port number).</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="add-node" name="add-node">add_node()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void add_node(std::pair&lt;std::string, int&gt; const&amp; node);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This is used when creating torrent. Use this to add a known DHT node. It may
be used, by the client, to bootstrap into the DHT network.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="torrent-handle" name="torrent-handle">torrent_handle</a></h1>
<p>You will usually have to store your torrent handles somewhere, since it's the
object through which you retrieve information about the torrent and aborts the torrent.
Its declaration looks like this:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct torrent_handle
{
        torrent_handle();

        torrent_status status();
        void file_progress(std::vector&lt;float&gt;&amp; fp);
        void get_download_queue(std::vector&lt;partial_piece_info&gt;&amp; queue) const;
        void get_peer_info(std::vector&lt;peer_info&gt;&amp; v) const;
        torrent_info const&amp; get_torrent_info() const;
        bool is_valid() const;

        std::string name() const;

        entry write_resume_data() const;
        void force_reannounce() const;
        void force_reannounce(boost::posix_time::time_duration) const;
        void scrape_tracker() const;
        void connect_peer(asio::ip::tcp::endpoint const&amp; adr, int source = 0) const;

        void set_tracker_login(std::string const&amp; username
                , std::string const&amp; password) const;

        std::vector&lt;announce_entry&gt; const&amp; trackers() const;
        void replace_trackers(std::vector&lt;announce_entry&gt; const&amp;);

        void add_url_seed(std::string const&amp; url);
        void remove_url_seed(std::string const&amp; url);
        std::set&lt;std::string&gt; url_seeds() const;

        void set_ratio(float ratio) const;
        void set_max_uploads(int max_uploads) const;
        void set_max_connections(int max_connections) const;
        void set_upload_limit(int limit) const;
        int upload_limit() const;
        void set_download_limit(int limit) const;
        int download_limit() const;
        void set_sequenced_download_threshold(int threshold) const;

        void set_peer_upload_limit(asio::ip::tcp::endpoint ip, int limit) const;
        void set_peer_download_limit(asio::ip::tcp::endpoint ip, int limit) const;

        void use_interface(char const* net_interface) const;

        void pause() const;
        void resume() const;
        bool is_paused() const;
        bool is_seed() const;

        void resolve_countries(bool r);
        bool resolve_countries() const;

        void piece_priority(int index, int priority) const;
        int piece_priority(int index) const;

        void prioritize_pieces(std::vector&lt;int&gt; const&amp; pieces) const;
        std::vector&lt;int&gt; piece_priorities() const;

        void prioritize_files(std::vector&lt;int&gt; const&amp; files) const;

        // these functions are deprecated
        void filter_piece(int index, bool filter) const;
        void filter_pieces(std::vector&lt;bool&gt; const&amp; bitmask) const;
        bool is_piece_filtered(int index) const;
        std::vector&lt;bool&gt; filtered_pieces() const;
        void filter_files(std::vector&lt;bool&gt; const&amp; files) const;

        bool has_metadata() const;

        boost::filesystem::path save_path() const;
        void move_storage(boost::filesystem::path const&amp; save_path) const;

        sha1_hash info_hash() const;

        bool operator==(torrent_handle const&amp;) const;
        bool operator!=(torrent_handle const&amp;) const;
        bool operator&lt;(torrent_handle const&amp;) const;
};
</pre>
<p>The default constructor will initialize the handle to an invalid state. Which
means you cannot perform any operation on it, unless you first assign it a
valid handle. If you try to perform any operation on an uninitialized handle,
it will throw <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">invalid_handle</span></tt>.</p>
<div class="warning">
<p class="first admonition-title">Warning</p>
<p class="last">All operations on a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_handle</span></tt> may throw <a class="reference" href="#invalid-handle">invalid_handle</a>
exception, in case the handle is no longer refering to a torrent. There are
two exceptions, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info_hash()</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">is_valid()</span></tt> will never throw.
Since the torrents are processed by a background thread, there is no
guarantee that a handle will remain valid between two calls.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="piece-priority-prioritize-pieces-piece-priorities-prioritize-files" name="piece-priority-prioritize-pieces-piece-priorities-prioritize-files">piece_priority() prioritize_pieces() piece_priorities() prioritize_files()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void piece_priority(int index, int priority) const;
int piece_priority(int index) const;
void prioritize_pieces(std::vector&lt;int&gt; const&amp; pieces) const;
std::vector&lt;int&gt; piece_priorities() const;
void prioritize_files(std::vector&lt;int&gt; const&amp; files) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>These functions are used to set and get the prioritiy of individual pieces.
By default all pieces have priority 1. That means that the random rarest
first algorithm is effectively active for all pieces. You may however
change the priority of individual pieces. There are 8 different priority
levels:</p>
<blockquote>
<ol class="arabic simple" start="0">
<li>piece is not downloaded at all</li>
<li>normal priority. Download order is dependent on availability</li>
<li>higher than normal priority. Pieces are preferred over pieces with
the same availability, but not over pieces with lower availability</li>
<li>pieces are as likely to be picked as partial pieces.</li>
<li>pieces are preferred over partial pieces, but not over pieces with
lower availability</li>
<li><em>currently the same as 4</em></li>
<li>piece is as likely to be picked as any piece with availability 1</li>
<li>maximum priority, availability is disregarded, the piece is preferred
over any other piece with lower priority</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<p>The exact definitions of these priorities are implementation details, and
subject to change. The interface guarantees that higher number means higher
priority, and that 0 means do not download.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_priority</span></tt> sets or gets the priority for an individual piece,
specified by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">index</span></tt>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">prioritize_pieces</span></tt> takes a vector of integers, one integer per piece in
the torrent. All the piece priorities will be updated with the priorities
in the vector.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_priorities</span></tt> returns a vector with one element for each piece in the
torrent. Each element is the current priority of that piece.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">prioritize_files</span></tt> takes a vector that has at as many elements as there are
files in the torrent. Each entry is the priority of that file. The function
sets the priorities of all the pieces in the torrent based on the vector.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="file-progress" name="file-progress">file_progress()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void file_progress(std::vector&lt;float&gt;&amp; fp);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function fills in the supplied vector with the progress (a value in the
range [0, 1]) describing the download progress of each file in this torrent.
The progress values are ordered the same as the files in the <a class="reference" href="#torrent-info">torrent_info</a>.
This operation is not very cheap.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="save-path" name="save-path">save_path()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
boost::filesystem::path save_path() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">save_path()</span></tt> returns the path that was given to <a class="reference" href="#add-torrent">add_torrent()</a> when this torrent
was started.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="move-storage" name="move-storage">move_storage()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void move_storage(boost::filesystem::path const&amp; save_path) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Moves the file(s) that this torrent are currently seeding from or downloading to. This
operation will only have the desired effect if the given <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">save_path</span></tt> is located on
the same drive as the original save path. Since disk IO is performed in a separate
thread, this operation is also asynchronous. Once the operation completes, the
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">storage_moved_alert</span></tt> is generated, with the new path as the message.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="force-reannounce" name="force-reannounce">force_reannounce()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void force_reannounce() const;
void force_reannounce(boost::posix_time::time_duration) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">force_reannounce()</span></tt> will force this torrent to do another tracker request, to receive new
peers. The second overload of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">force_reannounce</span></tt> that takes a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">time_duration</span></tt> as
argument will schedule a reannounce in that amount of time from now.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="scrape-tracker" name="scrape-tracker">scrape_tracker()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void scrape_tracker() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">scrape_tracker()</span></tt> will send a scrape request to the tracker. A scrape request queries the
tracker for statistics such as total number of incomplete peers, complete peers, number of
downloads etc.</p>
<p>This request will specifically update the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_complete</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_incomplete</span></tt> fields in
the <a class="reference" href="#torrent-status">torrent_status</a> struct once it completes. When it completes, it will generate a
<a class="reference" href="#scrape-reply-alert">scrape_reply_alert</a>. If it fails, it will generate a <a class="reference" href="#scrape-failed-alert">scrape_failed_alert</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="connect-peer" name="connect-peer">connect_peer()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void connect_peer(asio::ip::tcp::endpoint const&amp; adr, int source = 0) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">connect_peer()</span></tt> is a way to manually connect to peers that one believe is a part of the
torrent. If the peer does not respond, or is not a member of this torrent, it will simply
be disconnected. No harm can be done by using this other than an unnecessary connection
attempt is made. If the torrent is uninitialized or in queued or checking mode, this
will throw <a class="reference" href="#invalid-handle">invalid_handle</a>. The second (optional) argument will be bitwised ORed into
the source mask of this peer. Typically this is one of the source flags in <a class="reference" href="#peer-info">peer_info</a>.
i.e. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tracker</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pex</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht</span></tt> etc.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="name" name="name">name()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::string name() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Returns the name of the torrent. i.e. the name from the metadata associated with it. In
case the torrent was started without metadata, and hasn't completely received it yet,
it returns the name given to it when added to the session. See <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session::add_torrent</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="set-ratio" name="set-ratio">set_ratio()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_ratio(float ratio) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_ratio()</span></tt> sets the desired download / upload ratio. If set to 0, it is considered being
infinite. i.e. the client will always upload as much as it can, no matter how much it gets back
in return. With this setting it will work much like the standard clients.</p>
<p>Besides 0, the ratio can be set to any number greater than or equal to 1. It means how much to
attempt to upload in return for each download. e.g. if set to 2, the client will try to upload
2 bytes for every byte received. The default setting for this is 0, which will make it work
as a standard client.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="set-upload-limit-set-download-limit-upload-limit-download-limit" name="set-upload-limit-set-download-limit-upload-limit-download-limit">set_upload_limit() set_download_limit() upload_limit() download_limit()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_upload_limit(int limit) const;
void set_download_limit(int limit) const;
int upload_limit() const;
int download_limit() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_upload_limit</span></tt> will limit the upload bandwidth used by this particular torrent to the
limit you set. It is given as the number of bytes per second the torrent is allowed to upload.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_download_limit</span></tt> works the same way but for download bandwidth instead of upload bandwidth.
Note that setting a higher limit on a torrent then the global limit (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session::set_upload_rate_limit</span></tt>)
will not override the global rate limit. The torrent can never upload more than the global rate
limit.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upload_limit</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">download_limit</span></tt> will return the current limit setting, for upload and
download, respectively.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="set-sequenced-download-threshold" name="set-sequenced-download-threshold">set_sequenced_download_threshold()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_sequenced_download_threshold(int threshold);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>sequenced-download threshold is the limit on how popular a piece has to be
(popular == inverse of rarity) to be downloaded in sequence instead of in
random (rarest first) order. It can be used to tweak disk performance in
settings where the random download property is less necessary. For example, if
the threshold is 10, all pieces which 10 or more peers have, will be downloaded
in index order. This setting defaults to 100, which means that it is disabled
in practice.</p>
<p>Setting this threshold to a very small value will affect the piece distribution
negatively in the swarm. It should basically only be used in situations where
the random seeks on the disk is the download bottleneck.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="set-peer-upload-limit-set-peer-download-limit" name="set-peer-upload-limit-set-peer-download-limit">set_peer_upload_limit() set_peer_download_limit()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_peer_upload_limit(asio::ip::tcp::endpoint ip, int limit) const;
void set_peer_download_limit(asio::ip::tcp::endpoint ip, int limit) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Works like <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_upload_limit</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_download_limit</span></tt> respectively, but controls individual
peer instead of the whole torrent.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="pause-resume-is-paused" name="pause-resume-is-paused">pause() resume() is_paused()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void pause() const;
void resume() const;
bool is_paused() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pause()</span></tt>, and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">resume()</span></tt> will disconnect all peers and reconnect all peers respectively.
When a torrent is paused, it will however remember all share ratios to all peers and remember
all potential (not connected) peers. You can use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">is_paused()</span></tt> to determine if a torrent
is currently paused. Torrents may be paused automatically if there is a file error (e.g. disk full)
or something similar. See <a class="reference" href="#file-error-alert">file_error_alert</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="resolve-countries" name="resolve-countries">resolve_countries()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void resolve_countries(bool r);
bool resolve_countries() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Sets or gets the flag that derermines if countries should be resolved for the peers of this
torrent. It defaults to false. If it is set to true, the <a class="reference" href="#peer-info">peer_info</a> structure for the peers
in this torrent will have their <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">country</span></tt> member set. See <a class="reference" href="#peer-info">peer_info</a> for more information
on how to interpret this field.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="is-seed" name="is-seed">is_seed()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool is_seed() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Returns true if the torrent is in seed mode (i.e. if it has finished downloading).</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="has-metadata" name="has-metadata">has_metadata()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool has_metadata() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Returns true if this torrent has metadata (either it was started from a .torrent file or the
metadata has been downloaded). The only scenario where this can return false is when the torrent
was started torrent-less (i.e. with just an info-hash and tracker ip). Note that if the torrent
doesn't have metadata, the member <a class="reference" href="#get-torrent-info">get_torrent_info()</a> will throw.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="set-tracker-login" name="set-tracker-login">set_tracker_login()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_tracker_login(std::string const&amp; username
        , std::string const&amp; password) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_tracker_login()</span></tt> sets a username and password that will be sent along in the HTTP-request
of the tracker announce. Set this if the tracker requires authorization.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="trackers-replace-trackers" name="trackers-replace-trackers">trackers() replace_trackers()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::vector&lt;announce_entry&gt; const&amp; trackers() const;
void replace_trackers(std::vector&lt;announce_entry&gt; const&amp;) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">trackers()</span></tt> will return the list of trackers for this torrent. The
announce entry contains both a string <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">url</span></tt> which specify the announce url
for the tracker as well as an int <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tier</span></tt>, which is specifies the order in
which this tracker is tried. If you want libtorrent to use another list of
trackers for this torrent, you can use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">replace_trackers()</span></tt> which takes
a list of the same form as the one returned from <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">trackers()</span></tt> and will
replace it. If you want an immediate effect, you have to call
<a class="reference" href="#force-reannounce">force_reannounce()</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="add-url-seed-remove-url-seed-url-seeds" name="add-url-seed-remove-url-seed-url-seeds">add_url_seed() remove_url_seed() url_seeds()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void add_url_seed(std::string const&amp; url);
void remove_url_seed(std::string const&amp; url);
std::set&lt;std::string&gt; url_seeds() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_url_seed()</span></tt> adds another url to the torrent's list of url seeds. If the
given url already exists in that list, the call has no effect. The torrent
will connect to the server and try to download pieces from it, unless it's
paused, queued, checking or seeding. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">remove_url_seed()</span></tt> removes the given
url if it exists already. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">url_seeds()</span></tt> return a set of the url seeds
currently in this torrent. Note that urls that fails may be removed
automatically from the list.</p>
<p>See <a class="reference" href="#http-seeding">HTTP seeding</a> for more information.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="use-interface" name="use-interface">use_interface()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void use_interface(char const* net_interface) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">use_interface()</span></tt> sets the network interface this torrent will use when it opens outgoing
connections. By default, it uses the same interface as the <a class="reference" href="#session">session</a> uses to listen on. The
parameter must be a string containing an ip-address (either an IPv4 or IPv6 address). If
the string does not conform to this format and exception is thrown.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="info-hash" name="info-hash">info_hash()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
sha1_hash info_hash() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info_hash()</span></tt> returns the info-hash for the torrent.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="id5" name="id5">set_max_uploads() set_max_connections()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_max_uploads(int max_uploads) const;
void set_max_connections(int max_connections) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_max_uploads()</span></tt> sets the maximum number of peers that's unchoked at the same time on this
torrent. If you set this to -1, there will be no limit.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_max_connections()</span></tt> sets the maximum number of connection this torrent will open. If all
connections are used up, incoming connections may be refused or poor connections may be closed.
This must be at least 2. The default is unlimited number of connections. If -1 is given to the
function, it means unlimited.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="write-resume-data" name="write-resume-data">write_resume_data()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
entry write_resume_data() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">write_resume_data()</span></tt> generates fast-resume data and returns it as an <a class="reference" href="#entry">entry</a>. This <a class="reference" href="#entry">entry</a>
is suitable for being bencoded. For more information about how fast-resume works, see <a class="reference" href="#fast-resume">fast resume</a>.</p>
<p>There are three cases where this function will just return an empty <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">entry</span></tt>:</p>
<blockquote>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li>The torrent handle is invalid.</li>
<li>The torrent is checking (or is queued for checking) its storage, it will obviously
not be ready to write resume data.</li>
<li>The torrent hasn't received valid metadata and was started without metadata
(see libtorrent's <a class="reference" href="#metadata-from-peers">metadata from peers</a> extension)</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<p>Note that by the time this function returns, the resume data may already be invalid if the torrent
is still downloading! The recommended practice is to first pause the torrent, then generate the
fast resume data, and then close it down. Since the disk IO is done in a separate thread, in order
to synchronize, you shoule to wait for the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_paused_alert</span></tt> before you write the resume
data.</p>
<p>In full allocation mode the reume data is never invalidated by subsequent
writes to the files, since pieces won't move around. This means that you don't need to
pause before writing resume data in full or sparse mode. If you don't, however, any data written to
disk after you saved resume data and before the session closed is lost.</p>
<p>It also means that if the resume data is out dated, libtorrent will not re-check the files, but assume
that it is fairly recent. The assumption is that it's better to loose a little bit than to re-check
the entire file.</p>
<p>It is still a good idea to save resume data periodically during download as well as when
closing down.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="id6" name="id6">status()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
torrent_status status() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">status()</span></tt> will return a structure with information about the status of this
torrent. If the <a class="reference" href="#torrent-handle">torrent_handle</a> is invalid, it will throw <a class="reference" href="#invalid-handle">invalid_handle</a> exception.
See <a class="reference" href="#torrent-status">torrent_status</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="get-download-queue" name="get-download-queue">get_download_queue()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void get_download_queue(std::vector&lt;partial_piece_info&gt;&amp; queue) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">get_download_queue()</span></tt> takes a non-const reference to a vector which it will fill with
information about pieces that are partially downloaded or not downloaded at all but partially
requested. The entry in the vector (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">partial_piece_info</span></tt>) looks like this:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct partial_piece_info
{
        int piece_index;
        int blocks_in_piece;
        block_info blocks[256];
        enum state_t { none, slow, medium, fast };
        state_t piece_state;
};
</pre>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_index</span></tt> is the index of the piece in question. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">blocks_in_piece</span></tt> is the
number of blocks in this particular piece. This number will be the same for most pieces, but
the last piece may have fewer blocks than the standard pieces.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_state</span></tt> is set to either <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fast</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">medium</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">slow</span></tt> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">none</span></tt>. It tells which
download rate category the peers downloading this piece falls into. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">none</span></tt> means that no
peer is currently downloading any part of the piece. Peers prefer picking pieces from
the same category as themselves. The reason for this is to keep the number of partially
downloaded pieces down. Pieces set to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">none</span></tt> can be converted into any of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fast</span></tt>,
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">medium</span></tt> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">slow</span></tt> as soon as a peer want to download from it.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct block_info
{
        enum block_state_t
        { none, requested, writing, finished };

        tcp::endpoint peer;
        unsigned state:2;
        unsigned num_peers:14;
};
</pre>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">block_info</span></tt> array contains data for each individual block in the piece. Each block has
a state (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">state</span></tt>) which is any of:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">none</span></tt> - This block has not been downloaded or requested form any peer.</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">requested</span></tt> - The block has been requested, but not completely downloaded yet.</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">writing</span></tt> - The block has been downloaded and is currently queued for being written to disk.</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">finished</span></tt> - The block has been written to disk.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">peer</span></tt> field is the ip address of the peer this block was downloaded from.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_peers</span></tt> is the number of peers that is currently requesting this block. Typically this
is 0 or 1, but at the end of the torrent blocks may be requested by more peers in parallel to
speed things up.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="get-peer-info" name="get-peer-info">get_peer_info()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void get_peer_info(std::vector&lt;peer_info&gt;&amp;) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">get_peer_info()</span></tt> takes a reference to a vector that will be cleared and filled
with one entry for each peer connected to this torrent, given the handle is valid. If the
<a class="reference" href="#torrent-handle">torrent_handle</a> is invalid, it will throw <a class="reference" href="#invalid-handle">invalid_handle</a> exception. Each entry in
the vector contains information about that particular peer. See <a class="reference" href="#peer-info">peer_info</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="get-torrent-info" name="get-torrent-info">get_torrent_info()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
torrent_info const&amp; get_torrent_info() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Returns a const reference to the <a class="reference" href="#torrent-info">torrent_info</a> object associated with this torrent.
This reference is valid as long as the <a class="reference" href="#torrent-handle">torrent_handle</a> is valid, no longer. If the
<a class="reference" href="#torrent-handle">torrent_handle</a> is invalid or if it doesn't have any metadata, <a class="reference" href="#invalid-handle">invalid_handle</a>
exception will be thrown. The torrent may be in a state without metadata only if
it was started without a .torrent file, i.e. by using the libtorrent extension of
just supplying a tracker and info-hash.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="is-valid" name="is-valid">is_valid()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool is_valid() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Returns true if this handle refers to a valid torrent and false if it hasn't been initialized
or if the torrent it refers to has been aborted. Note that a handle may become invalid after
it has been added to the session. Usually this is because the storage for the torrent is
somehow invalid or if the filenames are not allowed (and hence cannot be opened/created) on
your filesystem. If such an error occurs, a <a class="reference" href="#file-error-alert">file_error_alert</a> is generated and all handles
that refers to that torrent will become invalid.</p>
<p><em>TODO: document storage</em></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="torrent-status" name="torrent-status">torrent_status</a></h1>
<p>It contains the following fields:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct torrent_status
{
        enum state_t
        {
                queued_for_checking,
                checking_files,
                connecting_to_tracker,
                downloading_metadata,
                downloading,
                finished,
                seeding,
                allocating
        };

        state_t state;
        bool paused;
        float progress;
        boost::posix_time::time_duration next_announce;
        boost::posix_time::time_duration announce_interval;

        std::string current_tracker;

        size_type total_download;
        size_type total_upload;

        size_type total_payload_download;
        size_type total_payload_upload;

        size_type total_failed_bytes;
        size_type total_redundant_bytes;

        float download_rate;
        float upload_rate;

        float download_payload_rate;
        float upload_payload_rate;

        int num_peers;

        int num_complete;
        int num_incomplete;

        const std::vector&lt;bool&gt;* pieces;
        int num_pieces;

        size_type total_done;
        size_type total_wanted_done;
        size_type total_wanted;

        int num_seeds;
        float distributed_copies;

        int block_size;

        int num_uploads;
        int num_connections;
        int uploads_limit;
        int connections_limit;

        bool compact_mode;
};
</pre>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">progress</span></tt> is a value in the range [0, 1], that represents the progress of the
torrent's current task. It may be checking files or downloading. The torrent's
current task is in the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">state</span></tt> member, it will be one of the following:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="31%" />
<col width="69%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">queued_for_checking</span></tt></td>
<td>The torrent is in the queue for being checked. But there
currently is another torrent that are being checked.
This torrent will wait for its turn.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">checking_files</span></tt></td>
<td>The torrent has not started its download yet, and is
currently checking existing files.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">connecting_to_tracker</span></tt></td>
<td>The torrent has sent a request to the tracker and is
currently waiting for a response</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">downloading_metadata</span></tt></td>
<td>The torrent is trying to download metadata from peers.
This assumes the metadata_transfer extension is in use.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">downloading</span></tt></td>
<td>The torrent is being downloaded. This is the state
most torrents will be in most of the time. The progress
meter will tell how much of the files that has been
downloaded.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">finished</span></tt></td>
<td>In this state the torrent has finished downloading but
still doesn't have the entire torrent. i.e. some pieces
are filtered and won't get downloaded.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">seeding</span></tt></td>
<td>In this state the torrent has finished downloading and
is a pure seeder.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">allocating</span></tt></td>
<td>If the torrent was started in full allocation mode, this
indicates that the (disk) storage for the torrent is
allocated.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>When downloading, the progress is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_wanted_done</span></tt> / <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_wanted</span></tt>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">paused</span></tt> is set to true if the torrent is paused and false otherwise.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">next_announce</span></tt> is the time until the torrent will announce itself to the tracker. And
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">announce_interval</span></tt> is the time the tracker want us to wait until we announce ourself
again the next time.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">current_tracker</span></tt> is the URL of the last working tracker. If no tracker request has
been successful yet, it's set to an empty string.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_download</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_upload</span></tt> is the number of bytes downloaded and
uploaded to all peers, accumulated, <em>this session</em> only.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_payload_download</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_payload_upload</span></tt> counts the amount of bytes
send and received this session, but only the actual payload data (i.e the interesting
data), these counters ignore any protocol overhead.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_failed_bytes</span></tt> is the number of bytes that has been downloaded and that
has failed the piece hash test. In other words, this is just how much crap that
has been downloaded.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_redundant_bytes</span></tt> is the number of bytes that has been downloaded even
though that data already was downloaded. The reason for this is that in some
situations the same data can be downloaded by mistake. When libtorrent sends
requests to a peer, and the peer doesn't send a response within a certain
timeout, libtorrent will re-request that block. Another situation when
libtorrent may re-request blocks is when the requests it sends out are not
replied in FIFO-order (it will re-request blocks that are skipped by an out of
order block). This is supposed to be as low as possible.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pieces</span></tt> is the bitmask that represents which pieces we have (set to true) and
the pieces we don't have. It's a pointer and may be set to 0 if the torrent isn't
downloading or seeding.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_pieces</span></tt> is the number of pieces that has been downloaded. It is equivalent
to: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">std::accumulate(pieces-&gt;begin(),</span> <span class="pre">pieces-&gt;end())</span></tt>. So you don't have to
count yourself. This can be used to see if anything has updated since last time
if you want to keep a graph of the pieces up to date.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">download_rate</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upload_rate</span></tt> are the total rates for all peers for this
torrent. These will usually have better precision than summing the rates from
all peers. The rates are given as the number of bytes per second. The
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">download_payload_rate</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upload_payload_rate</span></tt> respectively is the
total transfer rate of payload only, not counting protocol chatter. This might
be slightly smaller than the other rates, but if projected over a long time
(e.g. when calculating ETA:s) the difference may be noticeable.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_peers</span></tt> is the number of peers this torrent currently is connected to.
Peer connections that are in the half-open state (is attempting to connect)
or are queued for later connection attempt do not count. Although they are
visible in the peer list when you call <a class="reference" href="#get-peer-info">get_peer_info()</a>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_complete</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_incomplete</span></tt> are set to -1 if the tracker did not
send any scrape data in its announce reply. This data is optional and may
not be available from all trackers. If these are not -1, they are the total
number of peers that are seeding (complete) and the total number of peers
that are still downloading (incomplete) this torrent.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_done</span></tt> is the total number of bytes of the file(s) that we have. All
this does not necessarily has to be downloaded during this session (that's
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_payload_download</span></tt>).</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_wanted_done</span></tt> is the number of bytes we have downloaded, only counting the
pieces that we actually want to download. i.e. excluding any pieces that we have but
are filtered as not wanted.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_wanted</span></tt> is the total number of bytes we want to download. This is also
excluding pieces that have been filtered.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_seeds</span></tt> is the number of peers that are seeding that this client is
currently connected to.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">distributed_copies</span></tt> is the number of distributed copies of the torrent.
Note that one copy may be spread out among many peers. The integer part
tells how many copies there are currently of the rarest piece(s) among the
peers this client is connected to. The fractional part tells the share of
pieces that have more copies than the rarest piece(s). For example: 2.5 would
mean that the rarest pieces have only 2 copies among the peers this torrent is
connected to, and that 50% of all the pieces have more than two copies.</p>
<p>If we are a seed, the piece picker is deallocated as an optimization, and
piece availability is no longer tracked. In this case the distributed
copies is set to -1.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">block_size</span></tt> is the size of a block, in bytes. A block is a sub piece, it
is the number of bytes that each piece request asks for and the number of
bytes that each bit in the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">partial_piece_info</span></tt>'s bitset represents
(see <a class="reference" href="#get-download-queue">get_download_queue()</a>). This is typically 16 kB, but it may be
larger if the pieces are larger.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_uploads</span></tt> is the number of unchoked peers in this torrent.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_connections</span></tt> is the number of peer connections this torrent has, including
half-open connections that hasn't completed the bittorrent handshake yet. This is
always &lt;= <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_peers</span></tt>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">uploads_limit</span></tt> is the set limit of upload slots (unchoked peers) for this torrent.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">connections_limit</span></tt> is the set limit of number of connections for this torrent.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">compact_mode</span></tt> is true if this torrent was started with compact allocation mode
for its storage. False means it was started in full allocation mode.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="peer-info" name="peer-info">peer_info</a></h1>
<p>It contains the following fields:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct peer_info
{
        enum
        {
                interesting = 0x1,
                choked = 0x2,
                remote_interested = 0x4,
                remote_choked = 0x8,
                supports_extensions = 0x10,
                local_connection = 0x20,
                handshake = 0x40,
                connecting = 0x80,
                queued = 0x100,
                on_parole = 0x200,
                seed = 0x400,
                optimistic_unchoke = 0x800,
                rc4_encrypted = 0x100000,
                plaintext_encrypted = 0x200000
        };

        unsigned int flags;

        enum peer_source_flags
        {
                tracker = 0x1,
                dht = 0x2,
                pex = 0x4,
                lsd = 0x8
        };

        int source;

        asio::ip::tcp::endpoint ip;
        float up_speed;
        float down_speed;
        float payload_up_speed;
        float payload_down_speed;
        size_type total_download;
        size_type total_upload;
        peer_id pid;
        std::vector&lt;bool&gt; pieces;
        int upload_limit;
        int download_limit;

        time_duration last_request;
        time_duration last_active;

        int send_buffer_size;
        int used_send_buffer;

        int num_hashfails;

        char country[2];

        size_type load_balancing;

        int download_queue_length;
        int upload_queue_length;

        int failcount;

        int downloading_piece_index;
        int downloading_block_index;
        int downloading_progress;
        int downloading_total;

        std::string client;

        enum
        {
                standard_bittorrent = 0,
                web_seed = 1
        };
        int connection_type;
};
</pre>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></tt> attribute tells you in which state the peer is. It is set to
any combination of the enums above. The following table describes each flag:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="31%" />
<col width="69%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">interesting</span></tt></td>
<td><strong>we</strong> are interested in pieces from this peer.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">choked</span></tt></td>
<td><strong>we</strong> have choked this peer.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">remote_interested</span></tt></td>
<td>the peer is interested in <strong>us</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">remote_choked</span></tt></td>
<td>the peer has choked <strong>us</strong>.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">support_extensions</span></tt></td>
<td>means that this peer supports the
<a class="reference" href="extension_protocol.html">extension protocol</a>.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">local_connection</span></tt></td>
<td>The connection was initiated by us, the peer has a
listen port open, and that port is the same as in the
address of this peer. If this flag is not set, this
peer connection was opened by this peer connecting to
us.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">handshake</span></tt></td>
<td>The connection is opened, and waiting for the
handshake. Until the handshake is done, the peer
cannot be identified.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">connecting</span></tt></td>
<td>The connection is in a half-open state (i.e. it is
being connected).</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">queued</span></tt></td>
<td>The connection is currently queued for a connection
attempt. This may happen if there is a limit set on
the number of half-open TCP connections.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">on_parole</span></tt></td>
<td>The peer has participated in a piece that failed the
hash check, and is now &quot;on parole&quot;, which means we're
only requesting whole pieces from this peer until
it either fails that piece or proves that it doesn't
send bad data.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">seed</span></tt></td>
<td>This peer is a seed (it has all the pieces).</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">optimistic_unchoke</span></tt></td>
<td>This peer is subject to an optimistic unchoke. It has
been unchoked for a while to see if it might unchoke
us in return an earn an upload/unchoke slot. If it
doesn't within some period of time, it will be choked
and another peer will be optimistically unchoked.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">source</span></tt> is a combination of flags describing from which sources this peer
was received. The flags are:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="30%" />
<col width="70%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tracker</span></tt></td>
<td>The peer was received from the tracker.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht</span></tt></td>
<td>The peer was received from the kademlia DHT.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pex</span></tt></td>
<td>The peer was received from the peer exchange
extension.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">lsd</span></tt></td>
<td>The peer was received from the local service
discovery (The peer is on the local network).</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">resume_data</span></tt></td>
<td>The peer was added from the fast resume data.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ip</span></tt> field is the IP-address to this peer. The type is an asio endpoint. For
more info, see the <a class="reference" href="http://asio.sf.net">asio</a> documentation.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">up_speed</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">down_speed</span></tt> contains the current upload and download speed
we have to and from this peer (including any protocol messages). The transfer rates
of payload data only are found in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">payload_up_speed</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">payload_down_speed</span></tt>.
These figures are updated approximately once every second.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_download</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_upload</span></tt> are the total number of bytes downloaded
from and uploaded to this peer. These numbers do not include the protocol chatter, but only
the payload data.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pid</span></tt> is the peer's id as used in the bit torrent protocol. This id can be used to
extract 'fingerprints' from the peer. Sometimes it can tell you which client the peer
is using. See identify_client()_</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pieces</span></tt> is a vector of booleans that has as many entries as there are pieces
in the torrent. Each boolean tells you if the peer has that piece (if it's set to true)
or if the peer miss that piece (set to false).</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">seed</span></tt> is true if this peer is a seed.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upload_limit</span></tt> is the number of bytes per second we are allowed to send to this
peer every second. It may be -1 if there's no local limit on the peer. The global
limit and the torrent limit is always enforced anyway.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">download_limit</span></tt> is the number of bytes per second this peer is allowed to
receive. -1 means it's unlimited.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">last_request</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">last_active</span></tt> is the time since we last sent a request
to this peer and since any transfer occurred with this peer, respectively.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">send_buffer_size</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">used_send_buffer</span></tt> is the number of bytes allocated
and used for the peer's send buffer, respectively.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_hashfails</span></tt> is the number of pieces this peer has participated in
sending us that turned out to fail the hash check.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">country</span></tt> is the two letter <a class="reference" href="http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/02iso-3166-code-lists/list-en1.html">ISO 3166 country code</a> for the country the peer
is connected from. If the country hasn't been resolved yet, both chars are set
to 0. If the resolution failed for some reason, the field is set to &quot;--&quot;. If the
resolution service returns an invalid country code, it is set to &quot;!!&quot;.
The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">countries.nerd.dk</span></tt> service is used to look up countries. This field will
remain set to 0 unless the torrent is set to resolve countries, see <a class="reference" href="#resolve-countries">resolve_countries()</a>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">load_balancing</span></tt> is a measurement of the balancing of free download (that we get)
and free upload that we give. Every peer gets a certain amount of free upload, but
this member says how much <em>extra</em> free upload this peer has got. If it is a negative
number it means that this was a peer from which we have got this amount of free
download.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">download_queue_length</span></tt> is the number of piece-requests we have sent to this peer
that hasn't been answered with a piece yet.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upload_queue_length</span></tt> is the number of piece-requests we have received from this peer
that we haven't answered with a piece yet.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">failcount</span></tt> is the number of times this peer has &quot;failed&quot;. i.e. failed to connect
or disconnected us. The failcount is decremented when we see this peer in a tracker
response or peer exchange message.</p>
<p>You can know which piece, and which part of that piece, that is currently being
downloaded from a specific peer by looking at the next four members.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">downloading_piece_index</span></tt> is the index of the piece that is currently being downloaded.
This may be set to -1 if there's currently no piece downloading from this peer. If it is
&gt;= 0, the other three members are valid. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">downloading_block_index</span></tt> is the index of the
block (or sub-piece) that is being downloaded. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">downloading_progress</span></tt> is the number
of bytes of this block we have received from the peer, and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">downloading_total</span></tt> is
the total number of bytes in this block.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">client</span></tt> is a string describing the software at the other end of the connection.
In some cases this information is not available, then it will contain a string
that may give away something about which software is running in the other end.
In the case of a web seed, the server type and version will be a part of this
string.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">connection_type</span></tt> can currently be one of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">standard_bittorrent</span></tt> or
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">web_seed</span></tt>. These are currently the only implemented protocols.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="session-settings" name="session-settings">session_settings</a></h1>
<p>You have some control over tracker requests through the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_settings</span></tt> object. You
create it and fill it with your settings and then use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session::set_settings()</span></tt>
to apply them. You have control over proxy and authorization settings and also the user-agent
that will be sent to the tracker. The user-agent is a good way to identify your client.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct session_settings
{
        session_settings();
        std::string user_agent;
        int tracker_completion_timeout;
        int tracker_receive_timeout;
        int stop_tracker_timeout;
        int tracker_maximum_response_length;

        int piece_timeout;
        float request_queue_time;
        int max_allowed_in_request_queue;
        int max_out_request_queue;
        int whole_pieces_threshold;
        int peer_timeout;
        int urlseed_timeout;
        int urlseed_pipeline_size;
        int file_pool_size;
        bool allow_multiple_connections_per_ip;
        int max_failcount;
        int min_reconnect_time;
        int peer_connect_timeout;
        bool ignore_limits_on_local_network;
        int connection_speed;
        int send_redundant_have;
        bool lazy_bitfields;
        int inactivity_timeout;
        bool use_dht_as_fallback;
        bool free_torrent_hashes;
        bool upnp_ignore_nonrouters;
};
</pre>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">user_agent</span></tt> this is the client identification to the tracker.
The recommended format of this string is:
&quot;ClientName/ClientVersion libtorrent/libtorrentVersion&quot;.
This name will not only be used when making HTTP requests, but also when
sending extended headers to peers that support that extension.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tracker_completion_timeout</span></tt> is the number of seconds the tracker
connection will wait from when it sent the request until it considers the
tracker to have timed-out. Default value is 60 seconds.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tracker_receive_timeout</span></tt> is the number of seconds to wait to receive
any data from the tracker. If no data is received for this number of
seconds, the tracker will be considered as having timed out. If a tracker
is down, this is the kind of timeout that will occur. The default value
is 20 seconds.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">stop_tracker_timeout</span></tt> is the time to wait for tracker responses when
shutting down the session object. This is given in seconds. Default is
10 seconds.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tracker_maximum_response_length</span></tt> is the maximum number of bytes in a
tracker response. If a response size passes this number it will be rejected
and the connection will be closed. On gzipped responses this size is measured
on the uncompressed data. So, if you get 20 bytes of gzip response that'll
expand to 2 megs, it will be interrupted before the entire response has been
uncompressed (given your limit is lower than 2 megs). Default limit is
1 megabyte.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_timeout</span></tt> controls the number of seconds from a request is sent until
it times out if no piece response is returned.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">request_queue_time</span></tt> is the length of the request queue given in the number
of seconds it should take for the other end to send all the pieces. i.e. the
actual number of requests depends on the download rate and this number.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_allowed_in_request_queue</span></tt> is the number of outstanding block requests
a peer is allowed to queue up in the client. If a peer sends more requests
than this (before the first one has been handled) the last request will be
dropped. The higher this is, the faster upload speeds the client can get to a
single peer.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_out_request_queue</span></tt> is the maximum number of outstanding requests to
send to a peer. This limit takes precedence over <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">request_queue_time</span></tt>. i.e.
no matter the download speed, the number of outstanding requests will never
exceed this limit.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">whole_pieces_threshold</span></tt> is a limit in seconds. if a whole piece can be
downloaded in at least this number of seconds from a specific peer, the
peer_connection will prefer requesting whole pieces at a time from this peer.
The benefit of this is to better utilize disk caches by doing localized
accesses and also to make it easier to identify bad peers if a piece fails
the hash check.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">peer_timeout</span></tt> is the number of seconds the peer connection should
wait (for any activity on the peer connection) before closing it due
to time out. This defaults to 120 seconds, since that's what's specified
in the protocol specification. After half the time out, a keep alive message
is sent.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">urlseed_timeout</span></tt> is the same as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">peer_timeout</span></tt> but applies only to
url seeds. This value defaults to 20 seconds.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">urlseed_pipeline_size</span></tt> controls the pipelining with the web server. When
using persistent connections to HTTP 1.1 servers, the client is allowed to
send more requests before the first response is received. This number controls
the number of outstanding requests to use with url-seeds. Default is 5.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_pool_size</span></tt> is the the upper limit on the total number of files this
session will keep open. The reason why files are left open at all is that
some anti virus software hooks on every file close, and scans the file for
viruses. deferring the closing of the files will be the difference between
a usable system and a completely hogged down system. Most operating systems
also has a limit on the total number of file descriptors a process may have
open. It is usually a good idea to find this limit and set the number of
connections and the number of files limits so their sum is slightly below it.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">allow_multiple_connections_per_ip</span></tt> determines if connections from the
same IP address as existing connections should be rejected or not. Multiple
connections from the same IP address is not allowed by default, to prevent
abusive behavior by peers. It may be useful to allow such connections in
cases where simulations are run on the same machie, and all peers in a
swarm has the same IP address.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_failcount</span></tt> is the maximum times we try to connect to a peer before
stop connecting again. If a peer succeeds, the failcounter is reset. If
a peer is retrieved from a peer source (other than DHT) the failcount is
decremented by one, allowing another try.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">min_reconnect_time</span></tt> is the time to wait between connection attempts. If
the peer fails, the time is multiplied by fail counter.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">peer_connect_timeout</span></tt> the number of seconds to wait after a connection
attempt is initiated to a peer until it is considered as having timed out.
The default is 10 seconds. This setting is especially important in case
the number of half-open connections are limited, since stale half-open
connection may delay the connection of other peers considerably.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ignore_limits_on_local_network</span></tt>, if set to true, upload, download and
unchoke limits are ignored for peers on the local network.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">connection_speed</span></tt> is the number of connection attempts that
are made per second. If a number &lt;= 0 is specified, it will default to
200 connections per second.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">send_redundant_have</span></tt> controls if have messages will be sent
to peers that already have the piece. This is typically not necessary,
but it might be necessary for collecting statistics in some cases.
Default is false.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">lazy_bitfields</span></tt> prevents outgoing bitfields from being full. If the
client is seed, a few bits will be set to 0, and later filled in with
have-messages. This is to prevent certain ISPs from stopping people
from seeding.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">inactivity_timeout</span></tt>, if a peer is uninteresting and uninterested
for longer than this number of seconds, it will be disconnected.
Default is 10 minutes</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">use_dht_as_fallback</span></tt> determines how the DHT is used. If this is true
(which it is by default), the DHT will only be used for torrents where
all trackers in its tracker list has failed. Either by an explicit error
message or a time out.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">free_torrent_hashes</span></tt> determines whether or not the torrent's piece hashes
are kept in memory after the torrent becomes a seed or not. If it is set to
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></tt> the hashes are freed once the torrent is a seed (they're not
needed anymore since the torrent won't download anything more). If it's set
to false they are not freed. If they are freed, the <a class="reference" href="#torrent-info">torrent_info</a> returned
by get_torrent_info() will return an object that may be incomplete, that
cannot be passed back to <a class="reference" href="#add-torrent">add_torrent()</a> for instance.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upnp_ignore_nonrouters</span></tt> indicates whether or not the UPnP implementation
should ignore any broadcast response from a device whose address is not the
configured router for this machine. i.e. it's a way to not talk to other
people's routers by mistake.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="pe-settings" name="pe-settings">pe_settings</a></h1>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pe_settings</span></tt> structure is used to control the settings related
to peer protocol encryption:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct pe_settings
{
        pe_settings();

        enum enc_policy
        {
                forced,
                enabled,
                disabled
        };

        enum enc_level
        {
                plaintext,
                rc4,
                both
        };

        enc_policy out_enc_policy;
        enc_policy in_enc_policy;
        enc_level allowed_enc_level;
        bool prefer_rc4;
};
</pre>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">in_enc_policy</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">out_enc_policy</span></tt> control the settings for incoming
and outgoing connections respectively. The settings for these are:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul class="simple">
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">forced</span></tt> - Only encrypted connections are allowed. Incoming connections
that are not encrypted are closed and if the encrypted outgoing connection
fails, a non-encrypted retry will not be made.</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">enabled</span></tt> - encrypted connections are enabled, but non-encrypted
connections are allowed. An incoming non-encrypted connection will
be accepted, and if an outgoing encrypted connection fails, a non-
encrypted connection will be tried.</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">disabled</span></tt> - only non-encrypted connections are allowed.</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">allowed_enc_level</span></tt> determines the encryption level of the
connections.  This setting will adjust which encryption scheme is
offered to the other peer, as well as which encryption scheme is
selected by the client. The settings are:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul class="simple">
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">plaintext</span></tt> - only the handshake is encrypted, the bulk of the traffic
remains unchanged.</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">rc4</span></tt> - the entire stream is encrypted with RC4</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">both</span></tt> - both RC4 and plaintext connections are allowed.</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">prefer_rc4</span></tt> can be set to true if you want to prefer the RC4 encrypted stream.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="proxy-settings" name="proxy-settings">proxy_settings</a></h1>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">proxy_settings</span></tt> structs contains the information needed to
direct certain traffic to a proxy.</p>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct proxy_settings
{
        proxy_settings();

        std::string hostname;
        int port;

        std::string username;
        std::string password;

        enum proxy_type
        {
                none,
                socks4,
                socks5,
                socks5_pw,
                http,
                http_pw
        };

        proxy_type type;
};
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">hostname</span></tt> is the name or IP of the proxy server. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">port</span></tt> is the
port number the proxy listens to. If required, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">username</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">password</span></tt>
can be set to authenticate with the proxy.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">type</span></tt> tells libtorrent what kind of proxy server it is. The following
options are available:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul class="simple">
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">none</span></tt> - This is the default, no proxy server is used, all other fields
are ignored.</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">socks4</span></tt> - The server is assumed to be a <a class="reference" href="http://www.ufasoft.com/doc/socks4_protocol.htm">SOCKS4 server</a> that
requires a username.</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">socks5</span></tt> - The server is assumed to be a SOCKS5 server (<a class="reference" href="http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc1928.html">RFC 1928</a>) that
does not require any authentication. The username and password are ignored.</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">socks5_pw</span></tt> - The server is assumed to be a SOCKS5 server that supports
plain text username and password authentication (<a class="reference" href="http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc1929.html">RFC 1929</a>). The username
and password specified may be sent to the proxy if it requires.</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">http</span></tt> - The server is assumed to be an HTTP proxy. If the transport used
for the connection is non-HTTP, the server is assumed to support the
<a class="reference" href="draft-luotonen-web-proxy-tunneling-01.txt">CONNECT</a> method. i.e. for web seeds and HTTP trackers, a plain proxy will
suffice. The proxy is assumed to not require authorization. The username
and password will not be used.</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">http_pw</span></tt> - The server is assumed to be an HTTP proxy that requires
user authorization. The username and password will be sent to the proxy.</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="ip-filter" name="ip-filter">ip_filter</a></h1>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ip_filter</span></tt> class is a set of rules that uniquely categorizes all
ip addresses as allowed or disallowed. The default constructor creates
a single rule that allows all addresses (0.0.0.0 - 255.255.255.255 for
the IPv4 range, and the equivalent range covering all addresses for the
IPv6 range).</p>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
template &lt;class Addr&gt;
struct ip_range
{
        Addr first;
        Addr last;
        int flags;
};

class ip_filter
{
public:
        enum access_flags { blocked = 1 };

        ip_filter();
        void add_rule(address first, address last, int flags);
        int access(address const&amp; addr) const;

        typedef boost::tuple&lt;std::vector&lt;ip_range&lt;address_v4&gt; &gt;
                , std::vector&lt;ip_range&lt;address_v6&gt; &gt; &gt; filter_tuple_t;

        filter_tuple_t export_filter() const;
};
</pre>
</blockquote>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="id9" name="id9">ip_filter()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
ip_filter()
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Creates a default filter that doesn't filter any address.</p>
<p>postcondition:
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">access(x)</span> <span class="pre">==</span> <span class="pre">0</span></tt> for every <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">x</span></tt></p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="add-rule" name="add-rule">add_rule()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void add_rule(address first, address last, int flags);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Adds a rule to the filter. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">first</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">last</span></tt> defines a range of
ip addresses that will be marked with the given flags. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></tt>
can currently be 0, which means allowed, or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ip_filter::blocked</span></tt>, which
means disallowed.</p>
<p>precondition:
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">first.is_v4()</span> <span class="pre">==</span> <span class="pre">last.is_v4()</span> <span class="pre">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="pre">first.is_v6()</span> <span class="pre">==</span> <span class="pre">last.is_v6()</span></tt></p>
<p>postcondition:
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">access(x)</span> <span class="pre">==</span> <span class="pre">flags</span></tt> for every <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">x</span></tt> in the range [<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">first</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">last</span></tt>]</p>
<p>This means that in a case of overlapping ranges, the last one applied takes
precedence.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="access" name="access">access()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
int access(address const&amp; addr) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Returns the access permissions for the given address (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">addr</span></tt>). The permission
can currently be 0 or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ip_filter::blocked</span></tt>. The complexity of this operation
is O(<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">log</span></tt> n), where n is the minimum number of non-overlapping ranges to describe
the current filter.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="export-filter" name="export-filter">export_filter()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
boost::tuple&lt;std::vector&lt;ip_range&lt;address_v4&gt; &gt;
        , std::vector&lt;ip_range&lt;address_v6&gt; &gt; &gt; export_filter() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function will return the current state of the filter in the minimum number of
ranges possible. They are sorted from ranges in low addresses to high addresses. Each
entry in the returned vector is a range with the access control specified in its
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></tt> field.</p>
<p>The return value is a tuple containing two range-lists. One for IPv4 addresses
and one for IPv6 addresses.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="big-number" name="big-number">big_number</a></h1>
<p>Both the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">peer_id</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sha1_hash</span></tt> types are typedefs of the class
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">big_number</span></tt>. It represents 20 bytes of data. Its synopsis follows:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
class big_number
{
public:
        bool operator==(const big_number&amp; n) const;
        bool operator!=(const big_number&amp; n) const;
        bool operator&lt;(const big_number&amp; n) const;

        const unsigned char* begin() const;
        const unsigned char* end() const;

        unsigned char* begin();
        unsigned char* end();
};
</pre>
<p>The iterators gives you access to individual bytes.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="hasher" name="hasher">hasher</a></h1>
<p>This class creates sha1-hashes. Its declaration looks like this:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
class hasher
{
public:
        hasher();
        hasher(char const* data, unsigned int len);

        void update(char const* data, unsigned int len);
        sha1_hash final();
        void reset();
};
</pre>
<p>You use it by first instantiating it, then call <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">update()</span></tt> to feed it
with data. i.e. you don't have to keep the entire buffer of which you want to
create the hash in memory. You can feed the hasher parts of it at a time. When
You have fed the hasher with all the data, you call <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">final()</span></tt> and it
will return the sha1-hash of the data.</p>
<p>The constructor that takes a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">char</span> <span class="pre">const*</span></tt> and an integer will construct the
sha1 context and feed it the data passed in.</p>
<p>If you want to reuse the hasher object once you have created a hash, you have to
call <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">reset()</span></tt> to reinitialize it.</p>
<p>The sha1-algorithm used was implemented by Steve Reid and released as public domain.
For more info, see <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">src/sha1.cpp</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="fingerprint" name="fingerprint">fingerprint</a></h1>
<p>The fingerprint class represents information about a client and its version. It is used
to encode this information into the client's peer id.</p>
<p>This is the class declaration:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct fingerprint
{
        fingerprint(const char* id_string, int major, int minor
                , int revision, int tag);

        std::string to_string() const;

        char name[2];
        char major_version;
        char minor_version;
        char revision_version;
        char tag_version;

};
</pre>
<p>The constructor takes a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">char</span> <span class="pre">const*</span></tt> that should point to a string constant containing
exactly two characters. These are the characters that should be unique for your client. Make
sure not to clash with anybody else. Here are some taken id's:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="30%" />
<col width="70%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr><th class="head">id chars</th>
<th class="head">client</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td>'AZ'</td>
<td>Azureus</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>'LT'</td>
<td>libtorrent (default)</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>'BX'</td>
<td>BittorrentX</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>'MT'</td>
<td>Moonlight Torrent</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>'TS'</td>
<td>Torrent Storm</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>'SS'</td>
<td>Swarm Scope</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>'XT'</td>
<td>Xan Torrent</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>There's currently an informal directory of client id's <a class="reference" href="http://wiki.theory.org/BitTorrentSpecification#peer_id">here</a>.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">major</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">minor</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">revision</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tag</span></tt> parameters are used to identify the
version of your client. All these numbers must be within the range [0, 9].</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">to_string()</span></tt> will generate the actual string put in the peer-id, and return it.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="free-functions" name="free-functions">free functions</a></h1>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="identify-client" name="identify-client">identify_client()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::string identify_client(peer_id const&amp; id);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function is declared in the header <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&lt;libtorrent/identify_client.hpp&gt;</span></tt>. It can can be used
to extract a string describing a client version from its peer-id. It will recognize most clients
that have this kind of identification in the peer-id.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="client-fingerprint" name="client-fingerprint">client_fingerprint()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
boost::optional&lt;fingerprint&gt; client_fingerprint(peer_id const&amp; p);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Returns an optional fingerprint if any can be identified from the peer id. This can be used
to automate the identification of clients. It will not be able to identify peers with non-
standard encodings. Only Azureus style, Shadow's style and Mainline style. This function is
declared in the header <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&lt;libtorrent/identify_client.hpp&gt;</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="bdecode-bencode" name="bdecode-bencode">bdecode() bencode()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
template&lt;class InIt&gt; entry bdecode(InIt start, InIt end);
template&lt;class OutIt&gt; void bencode(OutIt out, const entry&amp; e);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>These functions will encode data to <a class="reference" href="http://wiki.theory.org/index.php/BitTorrentSpecification">bencoded</a> or decode <a class="reference" href="http://wiki.theory.org/index.php/BitTorrentSpecification">bencoded</a> data.</p>
<p>The <a class="reference" href="#entry">entry</a> class is the internal representation of the bencoded data
and it can be used to retrieve information, an <a class="reference" href="#entry">entry</a> can also be build by
the program and given to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bencode()</span></tt> to encode it into the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OutIt</span></tt>
iterator.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OutIt</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">InIt</span></tt> are iterators
(<a class="reference" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/InputIterator.html">InputIterator</a> and <a class="reference" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/OutputIterator.html">OutputIterator</a> respectively). They
are templates and are usually instantiated as <a class="reference" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/ostream_iterator.html">ostream_iterator</a>,
<a class="reference" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/back_insert_iterator.html">back_insert_iterator</a> or <a class="reference" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/istream_iterator.html">istream_iterator</a>. These
functions will assume that the iterator refers to a character
(<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">char</span></tt>). So, if you want to encode entry <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">e</span></tt> into a buffer
in memory, you can do it like this:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::vector&lt;char&gt; buffer;
bencode(std::back_inserter(buf), e);
</pre>
<p>If you want to decode a torrent file from a buffer in memory, you can do it like this:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::vector&lt;char&gt; buffer;
// ...
entry e = bdecode(buf.begin(), buf.end());
</pre>
<p>Or, if you have a raw char buffer:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
const char* buf;
// ...
entry e = bdecode(buf, buf + data_size);
</pre>
<p>Now we just need to know how to retrieve information from the <a class="reference" href="#entry">entry</a>.</p>
<p>If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bdecode()</span></tt> encounters invalid encoded data in the range given to it
it will throw <a class="reference" href="#invalid-encoding">invalid_encoding</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="supports-sparse-files" name="supports-sparse-files">supports_sparse_files()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool supports_sparse_files(boost::filesystem::path const&amp;);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>The path is expected to be the path to the directory where you will want to
store sparse files. The return value is true if the file system supports
sparse files or if it supports automatic zero filling of files. The main
characteristics that is tested by this function is not the storage aspects
of sparse files, but rather the support for seeking passed end of file and
write data there, with expected behavior.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="alerts" name="alerts">alerts</a></h1>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pop_alert()</span></tt> function on session is the interface for retrieving
alerts, warnings, messages and errors from libtorrent. If there hasn't
occurred any errors (matching your severity level) <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pop_alert()</span></tt> will
return a zero pointer. If there has been some error, it will return a pointer
to an alert object describing it. You can then use the alert object and query
it for information about the error or message. To retrieve any alerts, you have
to select a severity level using <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session::set_severity_level()</span></tt>. It defaults to
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">alert::none</span></tt>, which means that you don't get any messages at all, ever.
You have the following levels to select among:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="19%" />
<col width="81%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">none</span></tt></td>
<td>No alert will ever have this severity level, which
effectively filters all messages.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fatal</span></tt></td>
<td>Fatal errors will have this severity level. Examples can
be disk full or something else that will make it
impossible to continue normal execution.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">critical</span></tt></td>
<td>Signals errors that requires user interaction or
messages that almost never should be ignored. For
example, a chat message received from another peer is
announced as severity <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">critical</span></tt>.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">warning</span></tt></td>
<td>Messages with the warning severity can be a tracker that
times out or responds with invalid data. It will be
retried automatically, and the possible next tracker in
a multitracker sequence will be tried. It does not
require any user interaction.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info</span></tt></td>
<td>Events that can be considered normal, but still deserves
an event. This could be a piece hash that fails.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">debug</span></tt></td>
<td>This will include a lot of debug events that can be used
both for debugging libtorrent but also when debugging
other clients that are connected to libtorrent. It will
report strange behaviors among the connected peers.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>When setting a severity level, you will receive messages of that severity and all
messages that are more sever. If you set <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">alert::none</span></tt> (the default) you will not receive
any events at all.</p>
<p>When you set a severity level other than <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">none</span></tt>, you have the responsibility to call
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pop_alert()</span></tt> from time to time. If you don't do that, the alert queue will just grow.</p>
<p>When you get an alert, you can use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">typeid()</span></tt> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dynamic_cast&lt;&gt;</span></tt> to get more detailed
information on exactly which type it is. i.e. what kind of error it is. You can also use a
<a class="reference" href="#dispatcher">dispatcher</a> mechanism that's available in libtorrent.</p>
<p>All alert types are defined in the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&lt;libtorrent/alert_types.hpp&gt;</span></tt> header file.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">alert</span></tt> class is the base class that specific messages are derived from. This
is its synopsis:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
class alert
{
public:

        enum severity_t { debug, info, warning, critical, fatal, none };

        alert(severity_t severity, std::string const&amp; msg);
        virtual ~alert();

        std::string const&amp; msg() const;
        severity_t severity() const;

        virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const = 0;
};
</pre>
<p>This means that all alerts have at least a string describing it. They also
have a severity level that can be used to sort them or present them to the
user in different ways.</p>
<p>There's another alert base class that all most alerts derives from, all the
alerts that are generated for a specific torrent are derived from:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct torrent_alert: alert
{
        torrent_alert(torrent_handle const&amp; h, severity_t s, std::string const&amp; msg);

        torrent_handle handle;
};
</pre>
<p>The specific alerts, that all derives from <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">alert</span></tt>, are:</p>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="listen-failed-alert" name="listen-failed-alert">listen_failed_alert</a></h2>
<p>This alert is generated when none of the ports, given in the port range, to
<a class="reference" href="#session">session</a> can be opened for listening. This alert is generated as severity
level <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fatal</span></tt>.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct listen_failed_alert: alert
{
        listen_failed_alert(const std::string&amp; msg);
        virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="portmap-error-alert" name="portmap-error-alert">portmap_error_alert</a></h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a NAT router was successfully found but some
part of the port mapping request failed. It contains a text message that
may help the user figure out what is wrong. This alert is not generated in
case it appears the client is not running on a NAT:ed network or if it
appears there is no NAT router that can be remote controlled to add port
mappings.</p>
<p>The alert is generated as severity <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">warning</span></tt>, since it should be displayed
to the user somehow, and could mean reduced preformance.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct portmap_error_alert: alert
{
        portmap_error_alert(const std::string&amp; msg);
        virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="portmap-alert" name="portmap-alert">portmap_alert</a></h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a NAT router was successfully found and
a port was successfully mapped on it. On a NAT:ed network with a NAT-PMP
capable router, this is typically generated once when mapping the TCP
port and, if DHT is enabled, when the UDP port is mapped. This is merely
an informational alert, and is generated at severity level <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info</span></tt>.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct portmap_alert: alert
{
        portmap_alert(const std::string&amp; msg);
        virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="file-error-alert" name="file-error-alert">file_error_alert</a></h2>
<p>If the storage fails to read or write files that it needs access to, this alert is
generated and the torrent is paused. It is generated as severity level <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fatal</span></tt>.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct file_error_alert: torrent_alert
{
        file_error_alert(
                const torrent_handle&amp; h
                , const std::string&amp; msg);

        virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="tracker-announce-alert" name="tracker-announce-alert">tracker_announce_alert</a></h2>
<p>This alert is generated each time a tracker announce is sent (or attempted to be sent).
It is generated at severity level <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info</span></tt>.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct tracker_announce_alert: torrent_alert
{
        tracker_announce_alert(
                const torrent_handle&amp; h
                , const std::string&amp; msg);

        virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="tracker-alert" name="tracker-alert">tracker_alert</a></h2>
<p>This alert is generated on tracker time outs, premature disconnects, invalid response or
a HTTP response other than &quot;200 OK&quot;. From the alert you can get the handle to the torrent
the tracker belongs to. This alert is generated as severity level <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">warning</span></tt>.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">times_in_row</span></tt> member says how many times in a row this tracker has failed.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">status_code</span></tt> is the code returned from the HTTP server. 401 means the tracker needs
authentication, 404 means not found etc. If the tracker timed out, the code will be set
to 0.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct tracker_alert: torrent_alert
{
        tracker_alert(torrent_handle const&amp; h, int times, int status
                , const std::string&amp; msg);
        virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const;

        int times_in_row;
        int status_code;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="tracker-reply-alert" name="tracker-reply-alert">tracker_reply_alert</a></h2>
<p>This alert is only for informational purpose. It is generated when a tracker announce
succeeds. It is generated regardless what kind of tracker was used, be it UDP, HTTP or
the DHT. It is generated with severity level <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info</span></tt>.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct tracker_reply_alert: torrent_alert
{
        tracker_reply_alert(const torrent_handle&amp; h
                , int num_peers
                , const std::string&amp; msg);

        int num_peers;

        virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const;
};
</pre>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_peers</span></tt> tells how many peers were returned from the tracker. This is
not necessarily all new peers, some of them may already be connected.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="tracker-warning-alert" name="tracker-warning-alert">tracker_warning_alert</a></h2>
<p>This alert is triggered if the tracker reply contains a warning field. Usually this
means that the tracker announce was successful, but the tracker has a message to
the client. The message string in the alert will contain the warning message from
the tracker. It is generated with severity level <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">warning</span></tt>.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct tracker_warning_alert: torrent_alert
{
        tracker_warning_alert(torrent_handle const&amp; h
                , std::string const&amp; msg);

        virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="scrape-reply-alert" name="scrape-reply-alert">scrape_reply_alert</a></h2>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct scrape_reply_alert: torrent_alert
{
        scrape_reply_alert(torrent_handle const&amp; h
                , int incomplete_
                , int complete_
                , std::string const&amp; msg);

        int incomplete;
        int complete;

        virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const;
};
</pre>
<p>This alert is generated when a scrape request succeeds. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">incomplete</span></tt>
and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">complete</span></tt> is the data returned in the scrape response. These numbers
may be -1 if the reponse was malformed.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="scrape-failed-alert" name="scrape-failed-alert">scrape_failed_alert</a></h2>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct scrape_failed_alert: torrent_alert
{
        scrape_failed_alert(torrent_handle const&amp; h
                , std::string const&amp; msg);

        virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const;
};
</pre>
<p>If a scrape request fails, this alert is generated. This might be due
to the tracker timing out, refusing connection or returning an http response
code indicating an error.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="url-seed-alert" name="url-seed-alert">url_seed_alert</a></h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a HTTP seed name lookup fails. This alert is
generated as severity level <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">warning</span></tt>.</p>
<p>It contains <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">url</span></tt> to the HTTP seed that failed along with an error message.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct url_seed_alert: torrent_alert
{
        url_seed_alert(torrent_handle const&amp; h, std::string const&amp; url
                , const std::string&amp; msg);
        virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const;

        std::string url;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="hash-failed-alert" name="hash-failed-alert">hash_failed_alert</a></h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a finished piece fails its hash check. You can get the handle
to the torrent which got the failed piece and the index of the piece itself from the alert.
This alert is generated as severity level <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info</span></tt>.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct hash_failed_alert: torrent_alert
{
        hash_failed_alert(
                torrent_handle const&amp; h
                , int index
                , const std::string&amp; msg);

        virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const;

        int piece_index;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="peer-ban-alert" name="peer-ban-alert">peer_ban_alert</a></h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a peer is banned because it has sent too many corrupt pieces
to us. It is generated at severity level <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info</span></tt>. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">handle</span></tt> member is a <a class="reference" href="#torrent-handle">torrent_handle</a>
to the torrent that this peer was a member of.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct peer_ban_alert: torrent_alert
{
        peer_ban_alert(
                asio::ip::tcp::endpoint const&amp; pip
                , torrent_handle h
                , const std::string&amp; msg);

        virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const;

        asio::ip::tcp::endpoint ip;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="peer-error-alert" name="peer-error-alert">peer_error_alert</a></h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a peer sends invalid data over the peer-peer protocol. The peer
will be disconnected, but you get its ip address from the alert, to identify it. This alert
is generated as severity level <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">debug</span></tt>.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct peer_error_alert: alert
{
        peer_error_alert(
                asio::ip::tcp::endpoint const&amp; pip
                , peer_id const&amp; pid
                , const std::string&amp; msg);

        virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const;
        asio::ip::tcp::endpoint ip;
        peer_id id;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="invalid-request-alert" name="invalid-request-alert">invalid_request_alert</a></h2>
<p>This is a debug alert that is generated by an incoming invalid piece request. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">handle</span></tt>
is a handle to the torrent the peer is a member of. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Ïp</span></tt> is the address of the peer and the
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">request</span></tt> is the actual incoming request from the peer. The alert is generated as severity level
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">debug</span></tt>.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct invalid_request_alert: torrent_alert
{
        invalid_request_alert(
                peer_request const&amp; r
                , torrent_handle const&amp; h
                , asio::ip::tcp::endpoint const&amp; send
                , peer_id const&amp; pid
                , std::string const&amp; msg);

        virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const;

        asio::ip::tcp::endpoint ip;
        peer_request request;
        peer_id id;
};


struct peer_request
{
        int piece;
        int start;
        int length;
        bool operator==(peer_request const&amp; r) const;
};
</pre>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">peer_request</span></tt> contains the values the client sent in its <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">request</span></tt> message. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece</span></tt> is
the index of the piece it want data from, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">start</span></tt> is the offset within the piece where the data
should be read, and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">length</span></tt> is the amount of data it wants.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="torrent-finished-alert" name="torrent-finished-alert">torrent_finished_alert</a></h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a torrent switches from being a downloader to a seed.
It will only be generated once per torrent. It contains a torrent_handle to the
torrent in question. This alert is generated as severity level <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info</span></tt>.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct torrent_finished_alert: torrent_alert
{
        torrent_finished_alert(
                const torrent_handle&amp; h
                , const std::string&amp; msg);

        virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="metadata-failed-alert" name="metadata-failed-alert">metadata_failed_alert</a></h2>
<p>This alert is generated when the metadata has been completely received and the info-hash
failed to match it. i.e. the metadata that was received was corrupt. libtorrent will
automatically retry to fetch it in this case. This is only relevant when running a
torrent-less download, with the metadata extension provided by libtorrent.
It is generated at severity level <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info</span></tt>.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct metadata_failed_alert: torrent_alert
{
        metadata_failed_alert(
                torrent_handle const&amp; h
                , std::string const&amp; msg);

        virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="metadata-received-alert" name="metadata-received-alert">metadata_received_alert</a></h2>
<p>This alert is generated when the metadata has been completely received and the torrent
can start downloading. It is not generated on torrents that are started with metadata, but
only those that needs to download it from peers (when utilizing the libtorrent extension).
It is generated at severity level <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info</span></tt>.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct metadata_received_alert: torrent_alert
{
        metadata_received_alert(
                torrent_handle const_&amp; h
                , std::string const&amp; msg);

        virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="fastresume-rejected-alert" name="fastresume-rejected-alert">fastresume_rejected_alert</a></h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a fastresume file has been passed to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_torrent</span></tt> but the
files on disk did not match the fastresume file. The string explains the reason why the
resume file was rejected. It is generated at severity level <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">warning</span></tt>.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct fastresume_rejected_alert: torrent_alert
{
        fastresume_rejected_alert(torrent_handle const&amp; h
                , std::string const&amp; msg);

        virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="peer-blocked-alert" name="peer-blocked-alert">peer_blocked_alert</a></h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a peer is blocked by the IP filter. It has the severity leve
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info</span></tt>. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ip</span></tt> member is the address that was blocked.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct peer_blocked_alert: alert
{
        peer_blocked_alert(address const&amp; ip_
                , std::string const&amp; msg);

        address ip;

        virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="storage-moved-alert" name="storage-moved-alert">storage_moved_alert</a></h2>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">storage_moved_alert</span></tt> is generated when all the disk IO has completed and the
files have been moved, as an effect of a call to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_handle::move_storage</span></tt>. This
is useful to synchronize with the actual disk.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct storage_moved_alert: torrent_alert
{
        storage_moved_alert(torrent_handle const&amp; h, std::string const&amp; path);
        virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="torrent-paused-alert" name="torrent-paused-alert">torrent_paused_alert</a></h2>
<p>This alert is generated as a response to a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_handle::pause</span></tt> request. It is
generated once all disk IO is complete and the files in the torrent have been closed.
This is useful for synchronizing with the disk.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct torrent_paused_alert: torrent_alert
{
        torrent_paused_alert(torrent_handle const&amp; h, std::string const&amp; msg);
        virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="dispatcher" name="dispatcher">dispatcher</a></h2>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">handle_alert</span></tt> class is defined in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&lt;libtorrent/alert.hpp&gt;</span></tt>.</p>
<p>Examples usage:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct my_handler
{
        void operator()(portmap_error_alert const&amp; a)
        {
                std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;Portmapper: &quot; &lt;&lt; a.msg &lt;&lt; std::endl;
        }

        void operator()(tracker_warning_alert const&amp; a)
        {
                std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;Tracker warning: &quot; &lt;&lt; a.msg &lt;&lt; std::endl;
        }

        void operator()(torrent_finished_alert const&amp; a)
        {
                // write fast resume data
                // ...

                std::cout &lt;&lt; a.handle.get_torrent_info().name() &lt;&lt; &quot;completed&quot;
                        &lt;&lt; std::endl;
        }
};
</pre>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; a;
a = ses.pop_alert();
my_handler h;
while (a.get())
{
        handle_alert&lt;portmap_error_alert
                , tracker_warning_alert
                , torrent_finished_alert
        &gt;::handle_alert(h, a);
        a = ses.pop_alert();
}
</pre>
<p>In this example 3 alert types are used. You can use any number of template
parameters to select between more types. If the number of types are more than
15, you can define <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">TORRENT_MAX_ALERT_TYPES</span></tt> to a greater number before
including <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&lt;libtorrent/alert.hpp&gt;</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="exceptions" name="exceptions">exceptions</a></h1>
<p>There are a number of exceptions that can be thrown from different places in libtorrent,
here's a complete list with description.</p>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="invalid-handle" name="invalid-handle">invalid_handle</a></h2>
<p>This exception is thrown when querying information from a <a class="reference" href="#torrent-handle">torrent_handle</a> that hasn't
been initialized or that has become invalid.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct invalid_handle: std::exception
{
        const char* what() const throw();
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="duplicate-torrent" name="duplicate-torrent">duplicate_torrent</a></h2>
<p>This is thrown by <a class="reference" href="#add-torrent">add_torrent()</a> if the torrent already has been added to
the session. Since <a class="reference" href="#remove-torrent">remove_torrent()</a> is asynchronous, this exception may
be thrown if the torrent is removed and then immediately added again.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct duplicate_torrent: std::exception
{
        const char* what() const throw();
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="invalid-encoding" name="invalid-encoding">invalid_encoding</a></h2>
<p>This is thrown by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bdecode()</span></tt> if the input data is not a valid bencoding.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct invalid_encoding: std::exception
{
        const char* what() const throw();
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="type-error" name="type-error">type_error</a></h2>
<p>This is thrown from the accessors of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">entry</span></tt> if the data type of the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">entry</span></tt> doesn't
match the type you want to extract from it.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct type_error: std::runtime_error
{
        type_error(const char* error);
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="invalid-torrent-file" name="invalid-torrent-file">invalid_torrent_file</a></h2>
<p>This exception is thrown from the constructor of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_info</span></tt> if the given bencoded information
doesn't meet the requirements on what information has to be present in a torrent file.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct invalid_torrent_file: std::exception
{
        const char* what() const throw();
};
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="storage-interface" name="storage-interface">storage_interface</a></h1>
<p>The storage interface is a pure virtual class that can be implemented to
change the behavior of the actual file storage. The interface looks like
this:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct storage_interface
{
        virtual void initialize(bool allocate_files) = 0;
        virtual size_type read(char* buf, int slot, int offset, int size) = 0;
        virtual void write(const char* buf, int slot, int offset, int size) = 0;
        virtual bool move_storage(fs::path save_path) = 0;
        virtual bool verify_resume_data(entry&amp; rd, std::string&amp; error) = 0;
        virtual void write_resume_data(entry&amp; rd) const = 0;
        virtual void move_slot(int src_slot, int dst_slot) = 0;
        virtual void swap_slots(int slot1, int slot2) = 0;
        virtual void swap_slots3(int slot1, int slot2, int slot3) = 0;
        virtual sha1_hash hash_for_slot(int slot, partial_hash&amp; h, int piece_size) = 0;
        virtual void release_files() = 0;
        virtual void delete_files() = 0;
        virtual ~storage_interface() {}
};
</pre>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="initialize" name="initialize">initialize()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void initialize(bool allocate_files) = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function is called when the storage is to be initialized. The default storage
will create directories and empty files at this point. If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">allocate_files</span></tt> is true,
it will also <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ftruncate</span></tt> all files to their target size.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="read" name="read">read()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
size_type read(char* buf, int slot, int offset, int size) = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function should read the data in the given slot and at the given offset
and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">size</span></tt> number of bytes. The data is to be copied to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">buf</span></tt>.</p>
<p>The return value is the number of bytes actually read.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="write" name="write">write()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void write(const char* buf, int slot, int offset, int size) = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function should write the data in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">buf</span></tt> to the given slot (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">slot</span></tt>) at offset
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">offset</span></tt> in that slot. The buffer size is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">size</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="id11" name="id11">move_storage()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool move_storage(fs::path save_path) = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function should move all the files belonging to the storage to the new save_path.
The default storage moves the single file or the directory of the torrent.</p>
<p>Before moving the files, any open file handles may have to be closed, like
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">release_files()</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="verify-resume-data" name="verify-resume-data">verify_resume_data()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool verify_resume_data(entry&amp; rd, std::string&amp; error) = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function should verify the resume data <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">rd</span></tt> with the files
on disk. If the resume data seems to be up-to-date, return true. If
not, set <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error</span></tt> to a description of what mismatched and return false.</p>
<p>The default storage may compare file sizes and time stamps of the files.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="id12" name="id12">write_resume_data( )</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void write_resume_data(entry&amp; rd) const = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function should fill in resume data, the current state of the
storage, in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">rd</span></tt>. The default storage adds file timestamps and
sizes.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="move-slot" name="move-slot">move_slot()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void move_slot(int src_slot, int dst_slot) = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function should copy or move the data in slot <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">src_slot</span></tt> to
the slot <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dst_slot</span></tt>. This is only used in compact mode.</p>
<p>If the storage caches slots, this could be implemented more
efficient than reading and writing the data.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="swap-slots" name="swap-slots">swap_slots()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void swap_slots(int slot1, int slot2) = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function should swap the data in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">slot1</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">slot2</span></tt>. The default
storage uses a scratch buffer to read the data into, then moving the other
slot and finally writing back the temporary slot's data</p>
<p>This is only used in compact mode.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="swap-slots3" name="swap-slots3">swap_slots3()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void swap_slots3(int slot1, int slot2, int slot3) = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function should do a 3-way swap, or shift of the slots. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">slot1</span></tt>
should move to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">slot2</span></tt>, which should be moved to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">slot3</span></tt> which in turn
should be moved to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">slot1</span></tt>.</p>
<p>This is only used in compact mode.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="hash-for-slot" name="hash-for-slot">hash_for_slot()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
sha1_hash hash_for_slot(int slot, partial_hash&amp; h, int piece_size) = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>The function should read the remaining bytes of the slot and hash it with the
sha-1 state in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">partion_hash</span></tt>. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">partial_hash</span></tt> struct looks like this:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct partial_hash
{
        partial_hash();
        int offset;
        hasher h;
};
</pre>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">offset</span></tt> is the number of bytes in the slot that has already been hashed, and
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">h</span></tt> is the sha-1 state of that hash. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_size</span></tt> is the size of the piece
that is stored in the given slot.</p>
<p>The function should return the hash of the piece stored in the slot.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="release-files" name="release-files">release_files()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void release_files() = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function should release all the file handles that it keeps open to files
belonging to this storage. The default implementation just calls
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_pool::release_files(this)</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="delete-files" name="delete-files">delete_files()</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void delete_files() = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function should delete all files and directories belonging to this storage.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="fast-resume" name="fast-resume">fast resume</a></h1>
<p>The fast resume mechanism is a way to remember which pieces are downloaded
and where they are put between sessions. You can generate fast resume data by
calling <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_handle::write_resume_data()</span></tt> on <a class="reference" href="#torrent-handle">torrent_handle</a>. You can
then save this data to disk and use it when resuming the torrent. libtorrent
will not check the piece hashes then, and rely on the information given in the
fast-resume data. The fast-resume data also contains information about which
blocks, in the unfinished pieces, were downloaded, so it will not have to
start from scratch on the partially downloaded pieces.</p>
<p>To use the fast-resume data you simply give it to <a class="reference" href="#add-torrent">add_torrent()</a>, and it
will skip the time consuming checks. It may have to do the checking anyway, if
the fast-resume data is corrupt or doesn't fit the storage for that torrent,
then it will not trust the fast-resume data and just do the checking.</p>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="file-format" name="file-format">file format</a></h2>
<p>The file format is a bencoded dictionary containing the following fields:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="26%" />
<col width="74%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file-format</span></tt></td>
<td>string: &quot;libtorrent resume file&quot;</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file-version</span></tt></td>
<td>integer: 1</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info-hash</span></tt></td>
<td>string, the info hash of the torrent this data is saved for.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">blocks</span> <span class="pre">per</span> <span class="pre">piece</span></tt></td>
<td>integer, the number of blocks per piece. Must be: piece_size
/ (16 * 1024). Clamped to be within the range [1, 256]. It
is the number of blocks per (normal sized) piece. Usually
each block is 16 * 1024 bytes in size. But if piece size is
greater than 4 megabytes, the block size will increase.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">slots</span></tt></td>
<td><p class="first">list of integers. The list maps slots to piece indices. It
tells which piece is on which slot. If piece index is -2 it
means it is free, that there's no piece there. If it is -1,
means the slot isn't allocated on disk yet. The pieces have
to meet the following requirement:</p>
<p class="last">If there's a slot at the position of the piece index,
the piece must be located in that slot.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">peers</span></tt></td>
<td><p class="first">list of dictionaries. Each dictionary has the following
layout:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="18%" />
<col width="82%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ip</span></tt></td>
<td>string, the ip address of the peer. This is
not a binary representation of the ip
address, but the string representation. It
may be an IPv6 string or an IPv4 string.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">port</span></tt></td>
<td>integer, the listen port of the peer</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="last">These are the local peers we were connected to when this
fast-resume data was saved.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">unfinished</span></tt></td>
<td><p class="first">list of dictionaries. Each dictionary represents an
piece, and has the following layout:</p>
<table border="1" class="last docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="23%" />
<col width="77%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece</span></tt></td>
<td>integer, the index of the piece this entry
refers to.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bitmask</span></tt></td>
<td>string, a binary bitmask representing the
blocks that have been downloaded in this
piece.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">adler32</span></tt></td>
<td>The adler32 checksum of the data in the
blocks specified by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bitmask</span></tt>.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file</span> <span class="pre">sizes</span></tt></td>
<td>list where each entry corresponds to a file in the file list
in the metadata. Each entry has a list of two values, the
first value is the size of the file in bytes, the second
is the time stamp when the last time someone wrote to it.
This information is used to compare with the files on disk.
All the files must match exactly this information in order
to consider the resume data as current. Otherwise a full
re-check is issued.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">allocation</span></tt></td>
<td>The allocation mode for the storage. Can be either <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">full</span></tt>
or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">compact</span></tt>. If this is full, the file sizes and
timestamps are disregarded. Pieces are assumed not to have
moved around even if the files have been modified after the
last resume data checkpoint.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="threads" name="threads">threads</a></h1>
<p>libtorrent starts 2 or 3 threads.</p>
<blockquote>
<ul class="simple">
<li>The first thread is the main thread that will sit
idle in a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">select()</span></tt> call most of the time. This thread runs the main loop
that will send and receive data on all connections.</li>
<li>The second thread is a hash-check thread. Whenever a torrent is added it will
first be passed to this thread for checking the files that may already have been
downloaded. If there is any resume data this thread will make sure it is valid
and matches the files. Once the torrent has been checked, it is passed on to the
main thread that will start it. The hash-check thread has a queue of torrents,
it will only check one torrent at a time.</li>
<li>The third thread is spawned by asio on systems that don't support
non-blocking host name resolution to simulate non-blocking behavior.</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="storage-allocation" name="storage-allocation">storage allocation</a></h1>
<p>There are three modes in which storage (files on disk) are allocated in libtorrent.</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li>The traditional <em>full allocation</em> mode, where the entire files are filled up with
zeros before anything is downloaded. libtorrent will look for sparse files support
in the filesystem that is used for storage, and use sparse files or file system
zero fill support if present. This means that on NTFS, full allocation mode will
only allocate storage for the downloaded pieces.</li>
<li>The <em>compact allocation</em> mode, where only files are allocated for actual
pieces that have been downloaded. This is the default allocation mode in libtorrent.</li>
<li>The <em>sparce allocation</em>, sparse files are used, and pieces are downloaded directly
to where they belong. This is the recommended (and default) mode.</li>
</ol>
<p>The allocation mode is selected when a torrent is started. It is passed as an
argument to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session::add_torrent()</span></tt> (see <a class="reference" href="#add-torrent">add_torrent()</a>).</p>
<p>The decision to use full allocation or compact allocation typically depends on whether
any files are filtered and if the filesystem supports sparse files.</p>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="sparse-allocation" name="sparse-allocation">sparse allocation</a></h2>
<p>On filesystems that supports sparse files, this allocation mode will only use
as much space as has been downloaded.</p>
<blockquote>
<ul class="simple">
<li>It does not require an allocation pass on startup.</li>
<li>It supports skipping files (setting prioirty to 0 to not download).</li>
<li>Fast resume data will remain valid even when file time stamps are out of date.</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="full-allocation" name="full-allocation">full allocation</a></h2>
<p>When a torrent is started in full allocation mode, the checker thread (see <a class="reference" href="#threads">threads</a>)
will make sure that the entire storage is allocated, and fill any gaps with zeros.
This will be skipped if the filesystem supports sparse files or automatic zero filling.
It will of course still check for existing pieces and fast resume data. The main
drawbacks of this mode are:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul class="simple">
<li>It may take longer to start the torrent, since it will need to fill the files
with zeros on some systems. This delay is linearly dependent on the size of
the download.</li>
<li>The download may occupy unnecessary disk space between download sessions. In case
sparse files are not supported.</li>
<li>Disk caches usually perform extremely poorly with random access to large files
and may slow down a download considerably.</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p>The benefits of this mode are:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Downloaded pieces are written directly to their final place in the files and the
total number of disk operations will be fewer and may also play nicer to
filesystems' file allocation, and reduce fragmentation.</li>
<li>No risk of a download failing because of a full disk during download. Unless
sparse files are being used.</li>
<li>The fast resume data will be more likely to be usable, regardless of crashes or
out of date data, since pieces won't move around.</li>
<li>Can be used with the filter files feature.</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="compact-allocation" name="compact-allocation">compact allocation</a></h2>
<p>The compact allocation will only allocate as much storage as it needs to keep the
pieces downloaded so far. This means that pieces will be moved around to be placed
at their final position in the files while downloading (to make sure the completed
download has all its pieces in the correct place). So, the main drawbacks are:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul class="simple">
<li>More disk operations while downloading since pieces are moved around.</li>
<li>Potentially more fragmentation in the filesystem.</li>
<li>Cannot be used while filtering files.</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p>The benefits though, are:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul class="simple">
<li>No startup delay, since the files doesn't need allocating.</li>
<li>The download will not use unnecessary disk space.</li>
<li>Disk caches perform much better than in full allocation and raises the download
speed limit imposed by the disk.</li>
<li>Works well on filesystems that doesn't support sparse files.</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p>The algorithm that is used when allocating pieces and slots isn't very complicated.
For the interested, a description follows.</p>
<p>storing a piece:</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li>let <strong>A</strong> be a newly downloaded piece, with index <strong>n</strong>.</li>
<li>let <strong>s</strong> be the number of slots allocated in the file we're
downloading to. (the number of pieces it has room for).</li>
<li>if <strong>n</strong> &gt;= <strong>s</strong> then allocate a new slot and put the piece there.</li>
<li>if <strong>n</strong> &lt; <strong>s</strong> then allocate a new slot, move the data at
slot <strong>n</strong> to the new slot and put <strong>A</strong> in slot <strong>n</strong>.</li>
</ol>
<p>allocating a new slot:</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li>if there's an unassigned slot (a slot that doesn't
contain any piece), return that slot index.</li>
<li>append the new slot at the end of the file (or find an unused slot).</li>
<li>let <strong>i</strong> be the index of newly allocated slot</li>
<li>if we have downloaded piece index <strong>i</strong> already (to slot <strong>j</strong>) then<ol class="arabic">
<li>move the data at slot <strong>j</strong> to slot <strong>i</strong>.</li>
<li>return slot index <strong>j</strong> as the newly allocated free slot.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>return <strong>i</strong> as the newly allocated slot.</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="extensions" name="extensions">extensions</a></h1>
<p>These extensions all operates within the <a class="reference" href="extension_protocol.html">extension protocol</a>. The
name of the extension is the name used in the extension-list packets,
and the payload is the data in the extended message (not counting the
length-prefix, message-id nor extension-id).</p>
<p>Note that since this protocol relies on one of the reserved bits in the
handshake, it may be incompatible with future versions of the mainline
bittorrent client.</p>
<p>These are the extensions that are currently implemented.</p>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="metadata-from-peers" name="metadata-from-peers">metadata from peers</a></h2>
<p>Extension name: &quot;LT_metadata&quot;</p>
<p>The point with this extension is that you don't have to distribute the
metadata (.torrent-file) separately. The metadata can be distributed
through the bittorrent swarm. The only thing you need to download such
a torrent is the tracker url and the info-hash of the torrent.</p>
<p>It works by assuming that the initial seeder has the metadata and that
the metadata will propagate through the network as more peers join.</p>
<p>There are three kinds of messages in the metadata extension. These packets
are put as payload to the extension message. The three packets are:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul class="simple">
<li>request metadata</li>
<li>metadata</li>
<li>don't have metadata</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p>request metadata:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="17%" />
<col width="23%" />
<col width="61%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr><th class="head">size</th>
<th class="head">name</th>
<th class="head">description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td>uint8_t</td>
<td>msg_type</td>
<td>Determines the kind of message this is
0 means 'request metadata'</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>uint8_t</td>
<td>start</td>
<td>The start of the metadata block that
is requested. It is given in 256:ths
of the total size of the metadata,
since the requesting client don't know
the size of the metadata.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>uint8_t</td>
<td>size</td>
<td>The size of the metadata block that is
requested. This is also given in
256:ths of the total size of the
metadata. The size is given as size-1.
That means that if this field is set
0, the request wants one 256:th of the
metadata.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>metadata:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="17%" />
<col width="23%" />
<col width="61%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr><th class="head">size</th>
<th class="head">name</th>
<th class="head">description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td>uint8_t</td>
<td>msg_type</td>
<td>1 means 'metadata'</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>int32_t</td>
<td>total_size</td>
<td>The total size of the metadata, given
in number of bytes.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>int32_t</td>
<td>offset</td>
<td>The offset of where the metadata block
in this message belongs in the final
metadata. This is given in bytes.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>uint8_t[]</td>
<td>metadata</td>
<td>The actual metadata block. The size of
this part is given implicit by the
length prefix in the bittorrent
protocol packet.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Don't have metadata:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="17%" />
<col width="23%" />
<col width="61%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr><th class="head">size</th>
<th class="head">name</th>
<th class="head">description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td>uint8_t</td>
<td>msg_type</td>
<td>2 means 'I don't have metadata'.
This message is sent as a reply to a
metadata request if the the client
doesn't have any metadata.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a id="http-seeding" name="http-seeding">HTTP seeding</a></h2>
<p>The HTTP seed extension implements <a class="reference" href="http://www.getright.com/seedtorrent.html">this specification</a>.</p>
<p>The libtorrent implementation assumes that, if the URL ends with a slash
('/'), the filename should be appended to it in order to request pieces from
that file. The way this works is that if the torrent is a single-file torrent,
only that filename is appended. If the torrent is a multi-file torrent, the
torrent's name '/' the file name is appended. This is the same directory
structure that libtorrent will download torrents into.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="filename-checks" name="filename-checks">filename checks</a></h1>
<p>Boost.Filesystem will by default check all its paths to make sure they conform
to filename requirements on many platforms. If you don't want this check, you can
set it to either only check for native filesystem requirements or turn it off
altogether. You can use:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
boost::filesystem::path::default_name_check(boost::filesystem::native);
</pre>
<p>for example. For more information, see the <a class="reference" href="http://www.boost.org/libs/filesystem/doc/index.htm">Boost.Filesystem docs</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1><a id="acknowledgments" name="acknowledgments">acknowledgments</a></h1>
<p>Written by Arvid Norberg. Copyright © 2003-2006</p>
<p>Contributions by Magnus Jonsson, Daniel Wallin and Cory Nelson</p>
<p>Lots of testing, suggestions and contributions by Massaroddel and Tianhao Qiu.</p>
<p>Big thanks to Michael Wojciechowski and Peter Koeleman for making the autotools
scripts.</p>
<p>Thanks to Reimond Retz for bugfixes, suggestions and testing</p>
<p>Thanks to <a class="reference" href="http://www.cs.umu.se">University of UmeÂ</a> for providing development and test hardware.</p>
<p>Project is hosted by sourceforge.</p>
<p><a class="reference" href="http://sourceforge.net"><img alt="sf_logo" src="http://sourceforge.net/sflogo.php?group_id=7994" /></a></p>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
